Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
whats a food chain?
|
series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.
|
|
|
whats a species?
|
group of similar organisms that can breed abd produce fertile offspring.
|
|
|
whats an ecosystem?
|
all organisms that live in a place together with their physical environment.
|
|
|
whats a biome?
|
group of ecosystems. similar climates and typical organisms.
|
|
|
whats a biotic factor?
|
any living part of the enviironment such as animals, plants or baceteria.
|
|
|
whats an abiotic factor?
|
any non living part of the environment such as wind, water, of sunlight.
|
|
|
how much energy gets transfered on in a energy chain?
|
1/10th
|
|
|
what are the four cycles?
|
water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
|
|
|
what are the 3 types of symbiotic relationships?
|
mutualism - both benefit.
commensalism - one benefits other not affected. parasitism - one benefits one is harmed. |
|
|
what is a scavenger?
|
an animal that doesn't hunt but finds already dead bodies and eats them, such as a vulture.
|
|
|
what is the science of naming things?
|
systematics.
|
|
|
what is a genus?
|
a group of similar species.
|
|
|
who was linnaeus?
|
he invented a system of classification of seven taxa.
|
|
|
what are the seven taxa linnaeus invented?
|
species, genus, family, order, class, phylum and kingdom.
|
|
|
whats a clade?
|
a clade is a group of species that includes a single common ancestor and all the descendants.
|
|
|
what are the 6 kingdoms?
|
animalia, plantae, protista, fungi, eubacteria, and archaebacteria.
|
|
|
whats a dichotomous key used for?
|
it is used to identify organisms.
|
|
|
what is the goal of systematics?
|
the goal is to organize living things into groups that have biological meaning.
|
|
|
whats a claudogram?
|
lnks groups of organisms by showing how evolutionary lines branched off from common ancestors.
|
|
|
whats a field guide ?
|
you use a field guide to find out more about a certain species.
|
|
|
whats evolution?
|
process of change over time.
|
|
|
who discovered the theory of evolution?
|
darwin.
|
|
|
what did darwin notice?
|
darwin noticed that different yet ecologically similar, animal species inhabited separated, but ecologically similar habitats around the globe.
|
|
|
whats a fossil?
|
preserved remains or traces of ancient organisms.
|
|
|
whats artificial selection?
|
nature provides variations and species select those that they find useful.
|
|
|
whats survival of the fittest?
|
only organisms that can survive need to adapt well.
|
|
|
what adaption?
|
any characteristic that increases an organisms ability to survive and reproduce in its environment.
|
|
|
whats natural selection?
|
when more individuals that can survive are born there is a natural variation among the animals.
|
|
|
whats a gene pool?
|
consists of all the genes including all the different alleles for each gene, present in a population.
|
|
|
whats genetic equilibrium?
|
if a population is not evolving.
|
|
|
who discovered the structure?
|
rosalind franklin, watson and crick.
|
|
|
whats a bacteriophage?
|
a kind of virus that infects bacteria.
|
|
|
what are the roles of dna?
|
storing, copying and transmitting information.
|
|
|
what are the components of dna?
|
it is a nucleic acid made up of nucleotides joined into long strands by covalent bonds.
|
|
|
what are the 4 bases?
|
adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine.
|
|
|
which bases bond with which?
|
adenine + thymine.
guanine + cytosine. |
|
|
what is the double helix model?
|
it explains the rule of base pairing and how the two strands of dna are held together.
|
|
|
before a cell divides it duplicates its dna in a copying process, whats that process called?
|
dna replication.
|
|
|
what are the 3 types of rna?
|
messenger rna, ribosomal rna and transfer rna.
|
|
|
what is transcription?
|
segments of dna serve as templates to produce complimentary rna molecules.
|
|
|
what is the study of heredity?
|
genetics.
|
|
|
whats fertilization?
|
when female and male reproductive cells join together to produce a new cell.
|
|
|
whats a trait?
|
a specific charecteristic.
|
|
|
who founded the science of genetics?
|
gregor mendel.
|
|
|
what is the principle of dominance?
|
that some alleles are recessive and some are dominant.
|
|
|
whats a phenotype?
|
physical trait.
|
|
|
whats a genotype?
|
genetic makeup.
|
|
|
whats homozygous?
|
two identical alleles. (LL, ll).
|
|
|
whats heterozygous?
|
two different alleles. (Ll).
|
|
|
whats a karyotype?
|
a complete diploid set of chromosomes grouped together in pairs, arranged in order of decreasing size.
|
|
|
what is the purpose of dissection?
|
to see things from up close.
|
|
|
what do you do first in disection?
|
skin the animal.
|
|
|
what do you use to dissect?
|
a scalpel.
|
|
|
whats the function of the respiratory system?
|
breathing.
|
|
|
what is the heart made up of?
|
Left atrium; Right atrium; Left ventricle; Right ventricle.
|
|
|
whats an antibiotic resistant?
|
a type of drug resistance where a microorganism is able to survive exposure to an antibiotic.
|
|
|
how does your digestive system prevent illness?
|
it contains many probiotic bacteria.
|
|
|
what do antibiotics kill?
|
kills bacterial cells.
|
|
|
what is a pathogen?
|
microorganisms that cause diseases.
|
|
|
how to control bacteria?
|
disinfectants, physical removal, food storage, food processing, sterilization by heat.
|
