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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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t/f, synapses transmit impulses only in one direction
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TRUE
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where are action potentials first generated in the neuron?
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axon hillock
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space between presynaptic & postsynaptic neuron membranes
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synaptic cleft AKA synapse
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6 neurotransmitters
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acetylcholine
norepinephrine/epinephrine GABA glutamic acid dopamine seratonin |
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what are neuropeptides?
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small neurotransmitter proteins
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examples of neuropeptides
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endorphins, dynorphin, enkephalin, substance P, somatostatin
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in what are neurotransmitters packaged?
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synaptic vesicles
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what triggers fusion of synaptic vesicles with membrane?
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rise in calcium concentration (due to opening of Ca channels caused by depolarization of membrane)
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synaptic delay
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0.5 msec
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excitatory neurotransmitters make receiving neuron more permeable to what?
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sodium ions
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excitatory neurotransmitters depolarize receiving neuron's membrane, t/f?
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true
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transient subthreshold depolarization
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excitatory postsynaptic potential
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t/f, EPSPs can sum together?
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true
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summation of EPSP firing one after another
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temporal summation
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summation of EPSP from different places
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spatial summation
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inhibitory transmitters make membrane more permeable to what type of ion?
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Chloride
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transient hyperpolarization due to inhibitory transmitters
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inhibitory postsynaptic potential
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enzyme that destroys norepinephrine
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monoamine oxidase
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how are norepinephrine, dopamine, seratonin, and glutamate removed from synapse?
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reuptake by the PREsynaptic terminal
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subthreshold depolarization does what to a neuron?
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facilitates it, making it more excitable
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theshold or suprathreshold depolarization does what to a neuron?
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excites it; generates action potential
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property of synapses; continued use strengthens them
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long-term potentiation
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2 mechanisms that may be responsible for LTP
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-more neurotransmitter released
-neuron sensitivity increased |
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muscles are important for - 2 things
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movement
posture |
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where does the axon of a motor neuron exit spinal cord?
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ventral root
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t/f, a single postsynaptic NEURON (repeat, neuron, not muscle cell) can receive synaptic input from thousands of presynaptic neurons?
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true
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t/f, each synapse releases one particular neurotransmitter?
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true
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