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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Taxonomy
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• Taxonomy is the study of the identification, naming, and classification of organisms, both living and dead
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Taxonomy
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• Taxonomy is the study of the identification, naming, and classification of organisms, both living and dead
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Carollus Linnaeus
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• Carollus Linnaeus was a Swedish botanist living in the 1700s who is known as the “Father of Taxonomy”• Interestingly, he was only one of many scientists and naturalists at the time who were describing the organisms they know and giving them “scientific names”
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polynomials
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polynomials (means “many names”
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Keep Pots Clean or Family Gets Sick
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Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
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binomial nomenclature
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• Linnaeus' system is known as binomial nomenclature; a "two name" system which uniquely identifies all living things– The two names are the genus and species name
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Domain Bacteria
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– Domain Bacteria- these are all bacteria, lacking a nucleus (prokaryotes)
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Domain Archaea
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– Domain Archaea- these are bacteria-like organisms lacking a nucleus (prokaryotes)
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Domain Eukarya
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– Domain Eukarya- this includes plants, animals, fungi, and single-celled organisms with a nucleus
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Phylum Porifera
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• the sponges, This phylum consists of the sponges, and about 10,000 species have been identified• Sponges are aquatic, mostly marine, and typically asymmetrical
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Phylum Cnidaria
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Phylum Cnidaria • Members of this group are radially arranged and have unique stinging structures• Jellyfish (U), sea anemones (LR), and corals (LL) are cnidarians• There are approximately 10,000 species of cnidarians
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Phylum Plathyhelminthes
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• Phylum Plathyhelminthes is the simplest of the three major worm phyla, and includes the flukes and tapeworms
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Phylum Nematoda
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Phylum Nematoda, the roundworms are of great ecological importance; they are abundant, very speciose, and ubiquitous (found nearly everywhere)• Some are important parasites
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Phylum Mollusca
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• Phylum Mollusca is the second most speciose animal phylum, containing snails, clams, squid, and octopi• The largest invertebrate, the giant squid, is a mollusc
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Phylum Annelida
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• Phylum Annelida includes the segmented worms• The common earthworm (UR), as well as many marine worms (LR) and leeches (LL)
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Phylum Arthropoda
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• Phylum Arthropoda contains more species than any other phylum, with over 1.5 million species identified to date• This group includes scorpions (LR), horseshoe crabs (M), ghost crabs (UR), and the ultimate in diversity, the insects (LL)Included Insects and Crustraceans
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Phylum Echinodermata
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Phylum Echinodermata includes organisms that have a 5-part symmetry, and most possess spiny skin• Slender tube feet extend out through tiny holes in the shell to allow the animal to feed or move• The phylum Echinodermata contains approximately 7000 species, nearly all of which are benthic (bottom dwelling) marine organismssea stars
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phylum Chordata
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phylum Chordata• Chordates have an internal skeleton, and a circulatory system with a heart on the front of the body• Chordates have a single hollow nerve cord on the back side of the body
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Class Chondrichthyes
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Class Chondrichthyes; the Cartilaginous Fish • The sharks, skates and rays are the cartilaginous fish• The name Chondrichthyes, meaning "cartilage – fish", refers to the fact that these fish have no bone in their skeletons• This group is less diverse than the bony fish
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Class Osteichthyes
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Class Osteichthyes; the Bony Fish• Members of this group are characterized by a skeleton made of bone; most have a swim bladder• This class has more species than any other vertebrate class
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Class Amphibia
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Class Amphibia; the amphibians• This class includes newts and salamanders (LR) (the most aquatic of the amphibians), and the frogs (UR) and toads (LL) (the most successful of the amphibians)• The name amphibian means “double life” which refers to the need to return to water for reproduction, so most live in wet areas• Amphibians have no feathers, no hair, and have a scale-less, moist skin with glands
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Class Reptilia
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Class Reptilia; the Reptiles• There are 7000 living species belonging to Class Reptilia• This was the dominant group in the Mesozoic Era 65-230 million years ago
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Class Aves
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Class Aves; the Birds• Modern birds are a very successful group• The front appendages of birds are wings, and most birds fly• Because they are warm blooded, they are not restricted to warmer climates as are the reptiles and amphibians• The size of birds ranges from the flightless ostriches to the tiny hummingbirds
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Class Mammalia
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Class Mammalia• Mammals are identified by the possession of hair, mammary glands and most have specialized teeth; they, like birds, are “warm blooded”• Mammals are found nearly everywhere; most live on land, others live in the oceans, shores, lakes and rivers, underground, above ground in trees, and in the air
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