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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why are organisms different? |
Genetics and environmental factors |
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What is an adaptation? |
Inherited trait or set of traits improving survival chance and reproduction of offspring chance |
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What types of adaptations are there? |
Structural, behavioural, physiological process, biochemical (hibernation) |
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What is acclimatization? |
Long term response in body to an environmental change |
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When is a change not an adaptation? |
Not permanent and cannot be passed down |
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What is variation? |
WITHIN SPECIES, organisms interaction with environment help explain changes in populations |
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What is variability? |
Heritable mutation with advantage passed down |
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What is a mutation? |
Change in DNA |
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What are mutagens? Examples? |
Things causing mutations. Chemicals, x-rays, UV light, viruses |
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Why is variation good? |
Advantages are passed down bloodline |
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What is a selective advantage? |
Variation improving an organism's survival chance, usually in changing environment |
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What causes selective advantage? |
Mutation |
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Are all mutations good? |
Nope |
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What is natural selection? |
Survival of the fittest, fittest pass on variation ams slowly the most adapted species emerge |
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What is Darwin's Theory of Natural Selection? |
There's variation within species, organisms with traits helping survival survive and reproduce, due to competition. Nature selects favourable traits |
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Who does evolution affect? |
POPULATIONS NOT INDIVIDUALS |
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What is geological timescale? |
Dividing of eras into periods into epochs. Also radioactive dating |
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What are fossils generally made up of and what is an exception? |
Made of hard parts that don't decompose, some decomposable stuff in amber |
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What did Darwin and Lamarck both think? |
Life changed gradually over time and is still changing Living things change go be better suited for environment All organisms are related Life evolved from fewer simpler organisms to many complex organisms |
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What theory did Larmarck make? |
Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics |
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What is the theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics? |
Organism changes acquired during life passed down, changes are based on what an organism needs |
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Example of theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics |
Elephants stretched their trunks then passed on stretched trunk |
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What is speciation? |
New species appearing from many changes. Example: geographic isolation then they're able to be together again. Boom, new species |
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What is gradualism? |
Linear progression, gradual and steady, large change from many small |
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What is punctuated equilibrium? |
Long period of little change, sudden large change |
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What did Darwin think about evolution? |
Every organism is different with in born variations, natural selection |
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Evidence for evolution |
Fossils Geographical timescale Homologous structures Biogeography Embryology Genetics Biochemistry |
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What are fossils and how do they prove evolution? |
Traces if organisms remains, show evolutionary pathway |
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What are homologous structures? |
Similar structures but different functions |
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What are analogous structures? |
Same job different origin for a structure |
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What is biogeography? |
Study of distribution of plants and animals. Similar animals in different places might mean they were once a species |
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What is embryology? |
Similarities between embryos of species |
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What is biochemistry? |
Similar proteins=close species relation |
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What are genetics? |
Similar DNA may mean related species |
