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144 Cards in this Set
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Simple Squamos |
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Simple Cuboidal |
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Simple Columnar |
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Stratified Columnar |
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Pseudostratified Columnar |
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Loose Connective tissue |
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Fibrous Connective Tissue |
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Cartilage |
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Bone |
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Adipose |
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Skeletal Muscle |
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Smooth Muscle |
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Cardiac Muscle |
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Nervous Tissue |
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-What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of sponges from the other animals? -What level of organization do these demonstrate? -What does the word “Porifera” mean? -What is the name of the flagellated cells seen in sponges? -What characteristics are used to divide this phylum into classes? -When did they show up in the fossil record? -What time does the molecular clock information suggest? -Where are they distributed? -Where do they live? |
What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of sponges from the other animals? loose aggregate cell What level of organization do these demonstrate? Cellular-level What does the word “Porifera” mean? Pore bearers What is the name of the flagellated cells seen in sponges? Choanocytes What characteristics are used to divide this phylum into classes? Canal system, the type of skeletal structures When did they show up in the fossil record? What time does the molecular clock information suggest? Cambrian Period, Precambian Where are they distributed? Where do they live? Worldwide, living in a wide range of ocean habitats from the polar regions to the tropics |
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-What is the name of the central cavity of a sponge? -What is the name of the large opening at the top of the sponge? -What are the three body types found in sponges and where are the flagellated cells in each type? -What are the names of the skeletal structures seen in sponges? What are they made of? |
What is the name of the central cavity of a sponge? spongoceol What is the name of the large opening at the top of the sponge? osculum What are the three body types found in sponges and where are the flagellated cells in each type? asconoid, synconoid, leuconoid What are the names of the skeletal structures seen in sponges? What are they made of? spicule-made up of calcium carbonate or silica spongin-made up of protein |
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Asconoid Flagellated Spongocoel |
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Synconoid Flagellated Canals |
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Leuconoid Flagellated Chambers |
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Spicules Calcium carbonate or silica |
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Spongin Protein |
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Not pictured Prosopyle- opening between canals Osculum- large opening at top of sponge |
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What is this an example of? What shape do these sponges demonstrate? What body types do they demonstrate? What skeletal type do they have? Where are they found? What type of habitat are they found in? |
What is this an example of? Calcarea What shape do these sponges demonstrate? Vase-shaped What body types do they demonstrate? Radially symmetrical Asconoid, Synconoid, Leuconoid What skeletal type do they have? Calcium Carbonate spicules Where are they found? Strictly marine, worldwide What type of habitat are they found in? Shallow tropical waters |
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What is this an example of? What are these sponges often referred to as? What body types do they demonstrate? What skeletal types do they have? Where are they found? Where are they particularly common? What type of habitat are they found in? |
What is this an example of? Hexactinellidae What are these sponges often referred to as? Glass sponges What body types do they demonstrate? Syconoid, Leuconoid What skeletal types do they have? Six-Sided Silica Spicules Where are they found? Where are they particularly common? All Oceans, Antarctic and Northern Pacific Waters What type of habitat are they found in? At depths of 450-900 meters |
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What is this an example of? What % of this phylum is made up from this class? Which part of this class is the most economically important to humans? What body types do they demonstrate? What skeletal type do they have? Where are they found? What type of habitat are they found in? |
What is this an example of? Demospongiae What % of this phylum is made up from this class? (81%) Which part of this class is the most economically important to humans? bath sponges What body types do they demonstrate? Leuconoid What skeletal type do they have? Sillica Spicules and/or spongin Where are they found? Worldwide What type of habitat are they found in? Marine dwellers, but spongilida live in freshwater |
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What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of this from the other animals? What level of organization do they demonstrate? How many tissue layers do these organisms have? What two body forms do these organisms demonstrate? What is the name of the central Cavity? What is the name of the stinging capsule these organisms use to capture food? When did this phylum show up in evolutionary history? Where is this phyla found? |
Cnidaria What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of this from the other animals? Radial Symmetry What level of organization do they demonstrate? Tissue-level How many tissue layers do these organisms have? Diploblastic: True outer epidermis and inner endodermis Separated mesoglea- body plan> sac that surrounds gastrovascular activity What two body forms do these organisms demonstrate? Polyp and Medusa (Polymorphic) What is the name of the central Cavity? Gastrovascular Cavity What is the name of the stinging capsule these organisms use to capture food? Nematocyst When did this phylum show up in evolutionary history? 580 million years ago Where is this phyla found? Freshwater and Marine Exclusively aquatic, predominantly marine |
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What is this an example of? What type of animals are they usually? What body types do they demonstrate? What is the name of the shelf seen on the medusa? How are the polyps usually arranged? Where is this class found? |
What is this an example of? Hydrozoa What type of animals are they usually? Very small, predatory, some are solitary and colonial What body types do they demonstrate? Polyp and medusa What is the name of the shelf seen on the medusa? Vellum How are the polyps usually arranged? Colonial; lifecycle contains planula larvae Where is this class found? Most in salt water; few in freshwater |
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What is this an example of? What body form do they possess? How do they reproduce asexually? Sexually? Why are they especially interesting to biologists? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? What is their diet? |
What is this an example of? Hydra What body form do they possess? only a polyp How do they reproduce asexually? Sexually? budding; testes & ovaries Why are they especially interesting to biologists? regenerative abilities Where are they found? Native to temperate and tropical region What habitat are they found in? Freshwater What is their diet? Aquatic Invertebrates |
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Budding Asexual Reproduction |
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Hydra Ovaries Female |
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Hydra Testes Male |
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A. Gastrovascular Cavity B. Gastrodermis C. Epidermis D. Mesoglea E. Tentacles F. Basal Disc |
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What is this an example of? What body form do they possess? What is the specialized structure used for feeding? Reproduction? Where are they found? Where are the medusa commonly found? What habitat are they found in? What is their diet? |
What is this an example of? Hydrozoa - Obelia What body form do they possess? Polyp and Medusa What is the specialized structure used for feeding? Hydranth Reproduction? Gonangium Where are they found? Worldwide but high arctic and antarctic seas Where are the medusa commonly found? Coastal and offshore plankton What habitat are they found in? Marine and some freshwaters What is their diet? Zooplankton, worms, and crustacean |
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Hydrozoa Obelia polyp stage |
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Hydrozoa Obelia Medusa stage |
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Polyp |
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Medusa |
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What is this an example of? What body form do they possess? What is it made up of? What is the name of the specialized structure used as a float? What do the stings cause? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? What is their diet? |
What is this an example of? Portuguese Man of War What body form do they possess? Siphonophore What is it made up of? Zooids What is the name of the specialized structure used as a float? Pneumatophore What do the stings cause? Severe pain (1-3 hrs), whip-like welts(2-3 days)) Where are they found? Warm waters around the world. Tropical/sub-tropical What habitat are they found in? floating on the top of the ocean What is their diet? small fish, plankton, and crustaceans. |
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What is this an example of? What body form do they possess? What is it often called? Where are they found? Where are the medusa commonly found? What habitat are they found in? What is their diet? |
What is this an example of? Hydrozoa - Gonionemus What body form do they possess? A small jelly What is it often called? Clinging jelly Where are they found? Where are the medusa commonly found? Warmer regions of the atlantic and indo-pacific oceans What habitat are they found in? Attached to eelgrass, sea lettuce, or various types of algae. What is their diet? small fish and zooplankton |
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What is this an example of? What are these individuals usually called? What makes the medusa different from the hydrozoa? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What is this an example of? Scyphozoa What are these individuals usually called? True Jellies What makes the medusa different from the hydrozoa? Usually lack a vellum Where are they found? Every ocean What habitats are they found in? exclusively marine, shallow waters, shore Thrive in eutrophic conditions |
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What is this an example of? How are these jellies often recognized? What are they only capable of when they swim? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? What is their diet? |
What is this an example of? Scyphozoa; Moon Jelly; Aurelia How are these jellies often recognized? 4 horseshoe shaped gonads What are they only capable of when they swim? Limited motion, drifts with the current even when swimming Where are they found? Most of worlds oceans What habitat are they found in? Estuaries and harbors What is their diet? Medusae, plankton, mollusks |
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What is this an example of? What body shape do they have? What color are they? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? What is their diet? |
What is this an example of? Anthozoa - Sea Anemones What body shape do they have? Roughly Cylindrical What color are they? Deep green color to a light yellowish or grey color Where are they found? Intertidal Zones What habitat are they found in? Low tide zone in calmer water What is their diet? Small fish, snails, limpets, crabs, and other marine life |
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Class: Anthozoa What makes this class different from the other cnidarians? What does the word Anthozoa mean? How are they grouped? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What makes this class different from the other cnidarians? Do not have medusa stage in their development What does the word Anthozoa mean? Flower animal How are they grouped? Solitary or large colonies Where are they found? Worldwide in all oceans What habitats are they found in? Sessile on ocean floor or rocky shores |
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What does this represent? What is a coral group? What do these species create over generations? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? What is their diet? What is the name of the symbiotic algae? |
What does this represent? Anthozoa-Algae What is a coral group? Colony of myriad genetically identical polyps What do these species create over generations? Large exoskeleton Where are they found? Worldwide, most occur in tropical/subtropical seas What habitat are they found in? Shallow to deeper waters depending on species What is their diet? Small fish, plankton food from symbiotic algae What is the name of the symbiotic algae? Zooanthellae |
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What is this? What structure do the polyps take? What chemical do they produce? What is is used for? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? What is their diet? |
What is this? Anthozoa- Sea Fan What structure do the polyps take? Normally erect, flattened, branching, reminiscent of a fan What chemical do they produce? Diterpenes What is is used for? Protection and some of these are important Where are they found? Throughout the oceans of the world, especially in the tropics and subtropics What habitat are they found in? Typically shallow waters What is their diet? Plankton |
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What is this? What type of organization do they have? What is their body plan? What does the word ctenophore mean? How do these organisms differ from Cnidarians? What are they known for among the animal kingdom? When did they show up in the evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What is this? Ctenophora (comb jelly) What type of organization do they have? Tissue-level What is their body plan? Sac that surrounds gastrovascular cavity What does the word ctenophore mean? Comb bearer How do these organisms differ from Cnidarians? Comb plates with cilia; colloblasts capture prey What are they known for among the animal kingdom? Largest animal to move by cilia When did they show up in the evolutionary history? 510 Mya-Cambrian Where are they found? Marine habitats worldwide |
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What is the evidence that these protostome animals are monophyletic? What phyla belong tooth's clade? What are the two main groups and what characteristics do they have? |
What is the evidence that these protostome animals are monophyletic? RNA Molecular evidence What phyla belong to this clade? Platyhelmenthines, ectoprocta, brachiopod, rotifera, nemertea, mollusca, annelida What are the two main groups and what characteristics do they have? Trochozoans have larvae that form with ring of cilia around the middle Lophophorates have horse shaped structures covered with ciliated tentacles |
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What characteristic us responsible for the branching off of the flatworms from earlier animals? What characteristic first shows up in this phylum? What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? How many tissue layers do they have? What type of digestive system is seem in these animals? When did they first show up in evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What characteristic us responsible for the branching off of the flatworms from earlier animals? No space between gastrovascular cavities, muscles are acoelomates What characteristic first shows up in this phylum? Bilateral symmetry What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? Organ system How many tissue layers do they have? Triploblastic: true outer epidermis and inner endodermis, separated by mesoderm's surrounds gastrovascular cavity What type of digestive system is seem in these animals? interconnecting When did they first show up in evolutionary history? unknown Where are they found? Free-living parasitic species |
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Turbellarians-Flatworms What flatworms are included in this class? What are they known for? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? |
What flatworms are included in this class? Includes all subgroups that are not exclusively parasitic What are they known for? Regenerative skills Where are they found? Worldwide What habitat are they found in? Marine, freshwater, + most terrestrial environments |
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Turbellarian- Planaria What is the name of the eyespots and what is their function? What is the name of the bumps on the side and what is their function? What are they known for? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? |
What is the name of the eyespots and what is their function? Ocelli used for light detection What is the name of the bumps on the side and what is their function? Auricles used as chemical detectors What are they known for? Regenerative properties Where are they found? Africa, Europe, Middle East, Australia What habitat are they found in? Freshwater, carnivorous diet of freshwater invertebrates |
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Anterior cross section |
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Pharyngeal |
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Posterior |
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What are these? What is the name of the "skin" on these organisms? What type of hosts harbor species that parasitize humans? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What are these? Trematoda- Flukes What is the name of the "skin" on these organisms? Tegument What type of hosts harbor species that parasitize humans? Primary host: vertebrate> snails, crabs, fish, birds Where are they found? Worldwide What habitats are they found in? Internal parasites |
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A: oral sucker B. Pharynx C. Ventral Sucker D. Testes E. Ovaries F. Uterus G. Shell Gland H. Yolk Gland |
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What is this? Where is this found in humans? How many people do they infect? Where are they found? what are their hosts? How are humans infected? |
What is this? Trematoda- human liver fluke Where is this found in humans? Mainly in common bile duct and gall bladder How many people do they infect? 30,000 humans Where are they found? 85% found in china what are their hosts? Freshwater snails: larval form burros out of snail into fish How are humans infected? Eating fish |
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What is this? How are humans infected? Where is this species found in humans? How many countries is this species found in? Which ones is it predominant? What are their hosts? |
What is this? Trematoda- Chinese Liver Fluke - Schistosoma mansion How are humans infected? When larvae recognize human skin they burro into skin heading for the lungs then migrate to the heart which carries them through circulatory system Where is this species found in humans? Blood vessels How many countries is this species found in?54 countries Which ones is it predominant? South America and the carribean, afraid, and Middle East What are their hosts? Humans- parasite undergoes sexual reproduction single intermediate snails host where there are number of asexual reproductive stages |
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What class is this? What is the common name? Where do the adults live? Juveniles? What is the name of the head? What is the name of the body parts? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? |
What class is this? Cestoidea What is the common name? Tapeworms Where do the adults live? Digestive tracts of vertebrates Juveniles? bodies of other species as juvenile What is the name of the head? Scolex What is the name of the body parts? Proglottids Where are they found? Worldwide What habitat are they found in? Internal parasites |
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What phylum is this? What type of coelom do they possess? What type of digestive system do they have? What level of level of organization do they demonstrate? How many tissue layers do these organisms have? What does the word "rotifer"? What two characteristics do these animals have? When are they first found in the evolutionary history? What habitat are they found in? |
What is this? Phylum: ROTIFERA What type of coelom do they possess?Pseudocoelomate body plan What type of digestive system do they have? Alimentary canal (Both mouth and anus) What level of level of organization do they demonstrate? Organ-system How many tissue layers do these organisms have? Triploblastic What does the word "rotifer" mean? Wheel bearer because they have jaws and a crown of cilia What two characteristics do these animals have?Jaws and a crown of cilia When are they first found in the evolutionary history? Early Eocene What habitat are they found in? Freshwater, animals around the world |
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What phylum is this? What does "ectoproct" mean? What does their common name (Bryozoans) mean? When are they first found in the evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What phylum is this? Ectoprocta What does "ectoproct" mean? Outside Anus What does their common name (Bryozoans) mean? Resemble mosses, called moss animals When are they first found in the evolutionary history? Late Jurassic although they probably have been around much longer Where are they found? Found in the sea, in colonies encased in a hard exoskeleton associated with coral reefs but are also found in lakes and rivers |
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What phylum is this? How do these animals differ from clams? When are they first found in the evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What phylum is this? Brachiopoda How do these animals differ from clams? Valves (shells) are dorsal and ventral rather than lateral (lamp shells) When are they first found in the evolutionary history? Cambrian Where are they found?Marine environment usually attached to sea floor |
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What phylum is this? What three characteristics do proboscis worms have that are not found in other "flatworms"? Why is their phylogenetic position being debated? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What phylum is this? Nemertea What three characteristics do proboscis worms have that are not found in other "flatworms"? Coelomate body plan but have a fluid sac that some suggest may be an early coelom. Alimentary canal and closed circulatory system Why is their phylogenetic position being debated? Fossils found in the mid Cambrian, but confirmation of fossils being ribbon worms is still pending Where are they found? Tropics and subtropics What habitats are they found in?Few live in the open ocean while the rest find or make hiding places on the bottom. About a dozen species live on land in cool, damp places |
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What phylum is this? What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of the segmented worms from earlier animals? What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? How many tissue layers do these organisms have? What is the name of the bristles seen on some of these animals? What is the names of the side feet seen in some animals? When do they appear in the evolutionary history? What habitats are they found in? |
What phylum is this? Annelida What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of the segmented worms from earlier animals? Eucoelomates that have a true coelom lined with mesoderm and they are soft bodied and segmented What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? Organ system How many tissue layers do these organisms have? Triploblastic What is the name of the bristles seen on some of these animals? Setae What is the names of the side feet seen in some animals? Parapodia When do they appear in the evolutionary history? 516 MYA-early cabman What habitats are they found in? Worldwide distribution and occur in marine and fresh water along with terrestrial soils |
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What class is this? What two former classes are now currently combined into this class (now lowered to clades)? How many setae do they have? Do they have parapodia? what is the name of the unique reproductive organ and what is its function? What is the evolutionary history of this class? What habitants are these organisms found in? |
What class is this? Clitellata What two former classes are now currently combined into this class (now lowered to clades)? Oligochaete and hirurinidea How many setae do they have? Few or no setae per segment Do they have parapodia? No What is the name of the unique reproductive organ and what is its function? Ring shaped criterium around their bodies, which produces a coccoon What is the evolutionary history of this class? Earliest known fossil burrow of clitella are known from the triassic period 250 may What habitants are these organisms found in?Marine environments as distinct as tidal zones and hydrothermal vents, others in moist terrestrial environments |
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What clade is this? What unique characteristic do they have? Where are they found? What is their diet? |
What clade is this? Oligochaeta What unique characteristic do they have? Earthworms have sticky pad in the root of the mouth Where are they found? Burrowers but some are aquatic and marine found all over the world What is their diet?Wholly or partly decomposed organic materials |
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What clade is this? What does the same mean? How do they move? Where are they found? What do they eat? |
What clade is this? Hirundea What does the same mean? "Leech shaped" How do they move? Suckers at both ends of their body Where are they found? Marine and freshwater What do they eat? Marine mostly blood on fish, while most freshwaters are predators |
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What class is this? How many setae do they have? Do they have parapodia? What is the evolutionary history of this class? What habitats are these organisms found in? |
What class is this? Polychaeta How many setae do they have? Multiple Do they have parapodia? Parapodia functions as limbs and they are thought to be chemosensors What is the evolutionary history of this class?Early carbon (516 mya) What habitats are these organisms found in? Most marine- although a few freshwater and some on lamb Free living or live in tubes they secrete |
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What phylum is this? What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of the mollusks from earlier mammals? What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? How many tissue layers do these organisms have? What is the shell made of? What three body parts do they all have? What structure do most of these animals have? When did they show up in evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What phylum is this? Mollusca What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of the mollusks from earlier mammals? Coelomates that are soft-bodied and unsegmented What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? Organ system How many tissue layers do these organisms have?What is the shell made of? Triploblastic What three body parts do they all have? Calcium Carbonate shell What structure do most of these animals have? RADULA- rasping organ When did they show up in evolutionary history? Origin still in question due to arguments on whether these early fossils are actually mollusks- AT LEAST CAMBIAN Where are they found? Largest phylum- 23% of all marine organisms, freshwater and terrestrial habitat |
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Mollusca |
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What class is this? What is different about this group compared to other mollusks? What is the foot used for? Do they have a head? Do they have a radula? When were the living species discovered? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? |
What class is this? Monoplacophora What is different about this group compared to other mollusks? Single shelled animals- segmented What is the foot used for? Locomotion Do they have a head? Reduced head Do they have a radula? Yes When were the living species discovered? Thought to be extinct until 1952 Where are they found? Deep marine environments of the world What habitat are they found in? Continental shelves and slops |
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What class is this? What is the common name of this species? What is the foot used for? Do they have a head? Do they have a radula? What is unique about their shell? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? |
What class is this? Polyplacaphora What is the common name of this species? Chiton What is the foot used for? Locomotion Do they have a head? Reduced head Do they have a radula? Yes What is unique about their shell? 8 overlapping Where are they found? Worldwide in cold water, warm water, and in the tropics. Most chiton species inhabit intertidal or subtidal zones What habitat are they found in?Live on hard surfaces such as on or under rocks or in rock crevices |
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What class is this? What is the common names of these species? What is the foot used for? Do they have a head? Do they have a radula? What is unique about their shell? What is it called when it spiral right? Left? What is the process called? What is the name of the process when they unspiral? Where are they found? Habitat? |
What class is this? Gastropoda What is the common names of these species? Snails and slugs What is the foot used for? Locomotion Do they have a head? Yes Do they have a radula? For feeding What is unique about their shell? Asymmetrical What is it called when it spiral right? Dextral Left? Sinistral What is the process called? Torsion What is the name of the process when they unspiral? Detorsion Where are they found? Worldwide Habitat? Extraordinary diversication of habitats |
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What class is this? What is the common names of these species? What is the foot used for? Do they have a head? Do they have a radula? What is it used for? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? |
What class is this? Scaphopoda What is the common names of these species? Tooth or tusk shells What is the foot used for? Burrow into the sand Do they have a head? Reduced head Do they have a radula? Yes What is it used for? Move food into gizzard Where are they found? Aquatic habitats worldwide What habitat are they found in?Marine and freshwater |
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What class is this? How do they look different from other mollusks? What are the common names of some of these species? What is the foot used for? Do they have a head? Do they have a radula? Where are they found? What habitat are the found in? |
What class is this? Bivalve (2 shells) How do they look different from other mollusks? They are mollusks that have laterally compressed bodies enclosed by a shell consisting of two hinged parts What are the common names of some of these species? Clams, oysters, cookies, mussels, scallops What is the foot used for? Locomotion and burrowing Do they have a head? No distinct head Do they have a radula? Lack radula Where are they found? Aquatic habitats worldwide What habitat are the found in? Marine and freshwater |
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What class is this? What is the common names of these species? What is the foot used for? Do they have a head? Do they have a radula? Do they have a shell? How do they move? What are they known for among invertebrates? Where are they found? What habitat are they found in? |
What class is this? Cephlapoda- anomalous (only external shell) What is the common names of these species? Octopus, squid, cuttle fish and nautilus What is the foot used for? Move over surfaces and steer when swimming Do they have a head? Prominent Do they have a radula? Mouth with radula Do they have a shell? External, internal or absent How do they move? Locomotion by siphon (made from the mantle) What are they known for among invertebrates? Most intelligent of invertebrates Where are they found? Cephalopods found in all oceans of Earth What habitat are they found in? Exclusively marine |
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Ecdysozoa What is the evidence that these protostome animals are monophyletic? What phyla belong to this clade? What is the morphological character they share? |
What is the evidence that these protostome animals are monophyletic? Molecular evidence What phyla belong to this clade? Anthropoid, nematoda, and several smaller phyla What is the morphological character they share? Shed their exoskeleton |
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What phylum is this? What are the common names for this organism? What two groups were they once thought to be a link between? What do they have in common with each group? what group are they thought to be most closely related to today? When do they show up in the evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What phylum is this? Onychophora What are the common names for this organism? Walking or velvet worm What two groups were they once thought to be a link between? Link between annelids and arthropods What do they have in common with each group? segmented like annelids Appendages like arthropods but unjointed What group are they thought to be most closely related to today? Arthropod because jointed legs When do they show up in the evolutionary history? Early cambian Where are they found? Most common in tropical regions of southern hemisphere |
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What is this? What is the common name of this organism? What is the term used for organisms that can be found in extreme conditions? What range of temperature can they withstand? What pressures can they withstand? How much radiation can they be exposed to? How long can they go without food or water? When do they show up in the evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What is this? Tardigrada What is the common name of this organism? Water bears What is the term used for organisms that can be found in extreme conditions? Extremophiles What range of temperature can they withstand? Above absolute zero and well above boiling point of water What pressures can they withstand? 6x greater than that of deep open trenches How much radiation can they be exposed to? 100x higher than the dose for humans How long can they go without food or water? More than 10 years When do they show up in the evolutionary history? Mid cambrian Where are they found? Moist environments |
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What phylum is this? What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of the roundworms from earlier animals? What type of digestive system is seen in these animals? What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? How many tissue layers do these organisms have? When do they show up i the evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What phylum is this? Nematoda What characteristic is responsible for the branching off of the roundworms from earlier animals? Pseudocoelomate body plan What type of digestive system is seen in these animals? Alimentary canal (mouth+anus) What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? Organ-system How many tissue layers do these organisms have? Triploblastic When do they show up i the evolutionary history? Precambrian Where are they found?Worldwide with over half of them being parasitic |
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Nematoda cross section |
A. Cuticle B. Epidermis C. Pseudocoel D. Longitudinal muscle E. Nerve Cords F. Intestines |
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I guess this is important?? |
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What is this organism? Know male and female Unique Characteristic Biogeography Other Hosts Mode of Infection |
Ascaris lumbricoides Unique Characteristic Males are about 6 to 10 inches long with a curved posterior end bearing bristle like copulatory spicules near the genital pore Females are 12 to 14 inches long and not curved Biogeography Common in Africa and in Southeast Asia. It also occurs in the US and Gulf coast Other Hosts Parasite in small intestines of horses, pigs, and humans Mode of Infection Children that play in the dirt often ingest the eggs |
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What is this organism? Unique Characteristic Biogeography Other Hosts Mode of Infection |
Necator Americanus- hook worm Unique Characteristic Makes have conspicuous copulatory bursa supported by fleshy rays Biogeography New World, larvae form found in the soil Other Hosts Adult is found in small intestines of host Heavy infestations can cause anemia or death Mode of InfectionThe eggs are passed in the feces and juveniles live in the soil until they can burrow into the skin of the host and work their way back into the intestines via the lungs |
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What is this organism? Unique Characteristic Biogeography Other Hosts Mode of Infection |
Trichinella spiralis- PORK! Unique Characteristic Adult worms penetrate small intestine and adult female produces living young. Juveniles burrow in circulator system and burrow into skeletal muscle forming a cyst causes the lethal disease trichinosis Biogeography All continents excepts Antarctica Other Hosts Pigs, rats, humans, mammals that are carnivorous Mode of InfectionEnters host when ingesting raw or undercooked meat |
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What is this organism? Unique Characteristic Biogeography Other Hosts Mode of Infection |
Enterobius vermicularis Unique Characteristic Has clear tail with the anus at the end of the worm Biogeography Worldwide Other Hosts Humans Mode of Infection Ingestion of eggs |
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What is this organism? Unique Characteristic Biogeography Other Hosts Mode of Infection |
Macracanthorhynchus Unique Characteristic Spiny headed- phylum- Acanthocephala Endoparasite entering the small intestines by tiny proboscis Biogeography Temperate and tropical climates Other Hosts Usually found in pigs but also found in humans Mode of Infection Larvae are found in beetle larvae (grubs) and can be taken into the body by eating the grubs |
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What is this organism? Unique Characteristic Biogeography Other Hosts Mode of Infection |
Tubatrix aceti- vinegar eel Unique Characteristic Most abundant in bottom sediments of unpasteurized vinegar and other fermented fruit juices Biogeography Worldwide Other Hosts None Mode of Infection None |
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What is this organism? Unique Characteristic Biogeography Other Hosts Mode of Infection |
Wucheria Bancroft Unique Characteristic Infects lymphatic system to cause lymphatic filariasis If left untreated it can develop into elephantitis Biogeography Central Africa and the Nile delta, South and Central America and the tropical regions of Asia including southern China and the pacific Other Hosts Humans Mode of InfectionFilarial worms are spread by a mosquito vector |
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What is this organism? Unique Characteristic Biogeography Other Hosts Mode of Infection |
Dracunculiasis sp. (guinea worm) Unique Characteristic Forms blister in skin lower limb To extract, must wrap around stick Biogeography Asia and africa Other Hosts Humans Mode of Infection Drinking water that contains water fleas infected with guinea worm larvae |
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What phylum is this? What characteristics are responsible for the branching off of the arthropods from earlier animals? What characteristics do all arthropods have in common? What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? How many tissue layers do these organisms have? What are 5 recognized subphyla in this phylum? When do they show up in the evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What phylum is this? Arthropoda What characteristics are responsible for the branching off of the arthropods from earlier animals? Eucoelomates with hard, segmented body What characteristics do all arthropods have in common? Hard exoskeleton: cuticle that protects the segmented body and place for muscle attachment + jointed appendages What level of organization do these organisms demonstrate? Organ level How many tissue layers do these organisms have? Triploblastic What are 5 recognized subphyla in this phylum? Trilobita, Checlicerata, Crustacea, Myopia, and Hexapoda When do they show up in the evolutionary history? Precambrian Where are they found? Worldwide |
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What subphylum is this? What do they have in common with arthropods? How do they differ from other arthropods? Where are they found today? |
What subphylum is this? Trilobita What do they have in common with arthropods? Paired appendages How do they differ from other arthropods? Segmented without any specialization Where are they found today? Extinct |
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What subphylum is this? How are the six pairs of appendages divided up? How is the body divided? Do they have a mandible? Do they have antennae? |
What subphylum is this? Chelicerata How are the six pairs of appendages divided up? First pair modified into chelicerae Next is pedipalps Last 4 pairs are walking legs How is the body divided? 2 body regions (cephalothorax and abdomen) Do they have a mandible? No Do they have antennae? No |
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What class is this? What is their common name? Where were they found? What is special about this class? Where are they now? |
What class is this? Eurypterids What is their common name? Water Scorpians Where were they found? Normally marine and freshwater predators What is special about this class? Includes largest known arthropod to ever live Where are they now? Extinct |
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What class is this? How are their appendages arranged? What do their larvae resemble? Where are they found? What type of habitat do they live in? |
What class is this? Merostomata How are their appendages arranged? First pair: modified to chelicerae, Second pair modified into pedipalps like other chelicerates What do their larvae resemble? Extinct trilobites Where are they found? Eastern US and Eastern Asia What type of habitat do they live in? Shallow coastal waters |
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Que es?? |
Merostomata larvae |
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What class is this? How are their appendages arranged? How may the appendages change? Where are they found? What type of habitat do they live in? |
What class is this? Pycnogonida How are their appendages arranged? Animals (sea spiders)- 8 legs. but not a spider How may the appendages change? May have extra legs from segments being duplicated Where are they found? Worldwide What type of habitat do they live in? Shallow coastal water and many polar oceans |
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What class is this? What does this class include? What additional characteristics do they have? How are their appendages modified? (spiders, scorpions, ticks) Where are they found? |
What class is this? Arachnida What does this class include? Spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites What additional characteristics do they have? Special gland produce silk for webs, egg, escape, courtship How are their appendages modified? (spiders, scorpions, ticks) Spiders: modified chelicerae used as tangs to inject poison Scorpion: first terrestrial invertebrates pedipalp modified=pinches, tail = stinger Where are they found?Worldwide |
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What subphylum is this? How are their appendages modified? How are their bodies divided? Do they have a mandible? Do they have antennae? What habitat do they live in? |
What subphylum is this? Crustacea How are their appendages modified? Each appendage is biramous (2 main branches) How are their bodies divided? 2 or 3 body regions (cephalothorax, abdomen, or head, thorax, abdomen) Do they have a mandible? Yes Do they have antennae? 2 Pair What habitat do they live in?Marine worldwide |
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What group is this? Characteristics: Where are they found? What do they eat? |
What group is this? Isopoda Characteristics: 2 pairs of antennae, 7 pairs of jointed limbs on thorax, 5 pairs of branching appendage on abdome Where are they found? Terrestrial, freshwater, saltwater habitats What do they eat?Dead or decaying plant |
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What group is this? Characteristics: Where are they found? What do they eat? |
What group is this? Decapoda Characteristics: 10 legs in form of 5 pairs of thoracic appendages on the last 5 thoracic segments. Front 3 pairs function as mouthparts (maxillipeds) Where are they found? Mostly aquatic What do they eat? Scavengers |
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What group is this? Characteristics: Where are they found? What do they eat? |
What group is this? Copepoda Characteristics: Most numerous members of the marine and freshwater plankton community Where are they found? The sea and nearly every freshwater habitat What do they eat? Phytoplankton |
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What group is this? Characteristics: Where are they found? What do they eat? |
What group is this? Cirripedia Characteristics: Encrusts which attach to rocks Inside carapace, animal lies on its back with limbs projecting up. 6 pairs of thoracic limbs aka cirri Where are they found? Exclusively marine, tend to live in shallow and tidal waters typically in erosive setting What do they eat? Suspension feeders |
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These are examples of |
Arthropoda |
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What subphylum is this? How are their appendages modified? How are their bodies divided? Do they have a mandible? How many antennae do they have? |
What subphylum is this? Myriapoda- millipedede or centipede How are their appendages modified? Enormous (one main branch), one pair of leg for centipede, legs fused for millipede How are their bodies divided? Long body with distinct head Do they have a mandible? Yes How many antennae do they have? 1 Pair |
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What class is this? How many legs per segment? What do they eat? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What class is this? Chilopoda (Centipede) How many legs per segment? 1 pair, jointed What do they eat?Poisin claws and are predators Where are they found? Worldwide What habitats are they found in? Array of terrestrial habitats (rainforests to desert) |
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What class is this? How many legs per segment? What do they eat? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What class is this? Diplopoda How many legs per segment? 2 pair of jointed legs per segment (millipede) What do they eat? Slow moving derivers eating decaying leaves and other dead plant matter Where are they found? All continents but Antarctica, occupy most terrestrial habitats What habitats are they found in? Forest floor dwellers occurring in leaf litter, dead wood, soil (prefer humid) |
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Subphylum: Hexapoda How are their appendages modified? How are their bodies divided? Do they have a mandible? How many antennae do they have? What did they effect the evolution of? |
How are their appendages modified? Distinctive feature: consolidated thorax with three pairs of legs 6 appendages, each pair are attached to a segment of thorax How are their bodies divided? Head, thorax, abdomen Do they have a mandible? Yes How many antennae do they have? One pair What did they effect the evolution of? Insects are most diverse of them all arthropods They have been the cause of angiosperm diversity |
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Blattodea Common name Description |
Cockroaches Flattened body, legs modified for running |
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Beetles are in what order? |
Coleoptera Two pairs of wings, one thick, the other membranous, chewing mouthparts |
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Dermaptera Common name Description |
Earwigs Biting mouthparts and large posterior pieces |
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Diptera Common name Description |
Flies One pair of wings Sucking mouthparts |
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Ephemeroptera Common name Description |
May flies Long front legs, wings, front triangular hind, fan shaped, Abdomen with two filaments |
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Hemiptera Common name Description |
True bugs Two pairs of wings, one thick, the other membranous, piercing or sucking mouthparts |
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Homoptera Common name Description |
Cidadas, Aphids, Scale Insects Wings held roof-like over body, piercing-sucking mouthparts |
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Hymenoptera Common name Description |
Ants, bees, wasps Social insects Two pairs of membranous wings |
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Isoptera Common name Description |
Termites Social insects, many wingless |
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Lepidoptera Common name Description |
Lepidoptera Two pairs of wings covered with scales, large proboscis |
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Megaloptera Common name Description |
Alder and Dobson flies Enlarged and fan-folded anal area of their hind wings |
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Neuroptera Common name Description |
Antlions, Lacewigs Four membranous wings, forewings and hindwings; long slender body |
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Odonata Common name Description |
Dragonflied and Damselflies Large; long narrow, membranous wings; long slender body |
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Orthoptera Common name Description |
Grasshopper Large hind legs for jumping, two pairs of wings, (one leather, one membranous) |
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Phasmatoidea Common name Description |
Stick Insects Mimic plants |
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Siphonaptera Common name Description |
Fleas Wingless and compressed laterally Legs modified for jumping |
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Thysanura Common name Description |
Silverfish Small, wingless, reduced eyes |
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Trichoptera Common name Description |
Caddisflies Two pairs of hairy wings with chewing or lapping mouthparts |
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What clade us this? What phyla belong to this clade? What is the morphological character they share? |
What clade us this? Deuterostommia What phyla belong to this clade? Echinoderm and Chordates What is the morphological character they share?Blastopore opening at the bottom of forming gastrula > anus Protosome>Blastopore>Mouth |
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What phylum is this? What characteristic is unique to echinoderms? What type of symmetry do these organisms demonstrate? What does the word "echinodermata" mean? What type of development do these animals have? When did they appear in the evolutionary history? Where are they found? |
What phylum is this? Echinodermata What characteristic is unique to echinoderms? Water vascular system used for locomotion, feeding, and food exchange What type of symmetry do these organisms demonstrate? Secondary radial What does the word "echinodermata" mean? "Spiny skin" What type of development do these animals have? Deutersome When did they appear in the evolutionary history? Pre Cambrian Where are they found? Marine, most are benthic |
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Echinoderm strutures Oral side Aboral side Madreporite Ambulacral Grooves Dermal Branchiae Pedicellariae Bipinnaria |
Oral side: side with mouth Aboral side: Side without mouth Madreporite: Opening into G2O vascular system Ambulacral Grooves: radiating grooves containing tube feet Dermal Branchiae: Skingills |
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What is the function? Why is the shape important in echinoderm evolutionary history? |
Echinodermata: Bipinnaria larvae What is the function? Dispersal Why is the shape important in echinoderm evolutionary history? Evolve radial symmetry from bilateral ancestor |
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Echinodermata: Pedicellariae Right side pinches- pincer like organ on surface |
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What class is this? What characteristics do they have? What unique characteristic do they have? Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Where is the madreporite located? Do they have pedicellariae? Do they have dermal branchiae? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What class is this? Asteroidea What characteristics do they have? 5 arms that radiate from central disc What unique characteristic do they have? Known for their generative groove Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Open Where is the madreporite located? Aboral side Do they have pedicellariae? Yes Do they have dermal branchiae? Yes Where are they found? World oceans What habitats are they found in?Tropical coral reefs to mud, to keep forrest Greatest diversity of species in coastal areas |
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What class is this? What characteristics do they have? What unique characteristic do they have? Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Where is the madreporite located? Do they have pedicellariae? Do they have dermal branchiae? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What class is this? Ophiuroidea What characteristics do they have? 5 thin arms radiating from central disc What unique characteristic do they have? Brittle stars: break arms when disturbed Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Closed Where is the madreporite located? Oral side Do they have pedicellariae? No Do they have dermal branchiae? No Where are they found? World Oceans What habitats are they found in?They live from low tide zone to benthic zone |
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What class is this? What characteristics do they have? Unique? Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Where is the madreporite located? Do they have pedicellariae? Do they have dermal branchiae? What do they have instead of arms? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What class is this? Echinodea What characteristics do they have? Sea urchins and sand dollars: no arms, 5 rows of tubed feet What unique characteristic do they have? Moveable spines Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Closed Where is the madreporite located? Aboral side Do they have pedicellariae? Yes Do they have dermal branchiae? Yes What do they have instead of arms?Five rows of tubed feet Where are they found? World Oceans What habitats are they found in?Rocky intertidal zones and sandy bottoms |
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What class is this? What characteristics do they have? Unique? Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Where is the madreporite located? Do they have pedicellariae? Do they have dermal branchiae? What do they have instead of arms? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What class is this? Holothuroidea What characteristics do they have? Sea cucumber- soft bodied animals with ambulacral areas (closed) Unique? Some species known to eviscerate themselves when threatened Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Open Where is the madreporite located?Internal Do they have pedicellariae? No Do they have dermal branchiae? No Where are they found? World Oceans What habitats are they found in? Sea Floor |
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What class is this? What characteristics do they have? Unique? Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Where is the madreporite located? Do they have pedicellariae? Do they have dermal branchiae? How do these organisms feed? Where are they found? What habitats are they found in? |
What class is this? Craned What characteristics do they have? Sea lillies attached to substrate with many branches arms Unique? Substrate feeders-produce mucus on their tube feet to capture food which floats by Is the abulacral groove open or closed? Open Where is the madreporite located? None Do they have pedicellariae? No Do they have dermal branchiae? No How do these Organism feed?Produce mucus to capture food Where are they found? World Oceans What habitats are they found in?Shallow and deep water on sea floor |
