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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
organisms that make their own organic molecules
autotrophs
autotrophs that do not use photosynthesis
chemotrophs
organisms that get their energy from other organisms
heterotrophs
the process that both autotrophs and heterotrophs use to break down organic molecules
cellular respiration
requires oxygen
aerobic
without oxygen
anaerobic
process macormolecules under go to become smaller molecules
digestion
what extracts the energy from broken down macromolecules
mitochondria
what do carbohydrates break down to?
glucose
what do proteins break down to?
amino acids
what do fats, oils, and lipids break down to?
fatty acids
what do nucleic acids break down to?
nucleotides
how many carbon bonds are in a molecule of glucose?
6
where does the energy that comes from breaking the bonds of a glucose molecule go to?
makes high energy bonds of ATP
what is the formula for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP
means to split sugars and is the process of glucose being broken down to pyruvic acid; occurs in cytoplasm
glycolysis
carries the hydride ions into the mitochondria
NAD+
is transported into the mitochondria and is decarboxylated and oxidized
pyruvic acid
decarboxylates and oxidezes pyruvic acid in the mitochondria
pyruvate dehydrogenase complex