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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
organisms that make their own organic molecules
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autotrophs
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autotrophs that do not use photosynthesis
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chemotrophs
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organisms that get their energy from other organisms
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heterotrophs
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the process that both autotrophs and heterotrophs use to break down organic molecules
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cellular respiration
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requires oxygen
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aerobic
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without oxygen
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anaerobic
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process macormolecules under go to become smaller molecules
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digestion
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what extracts the energy from broken down macromolecules
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mitochondria
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what do carbohydrates break down to?
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glucose
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what do proteins break down to?
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amino acids
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what do fats, oils, and lipids break down to?
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fatty acids
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what do nucleic acids break down to?
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nucleotides
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how many carbon bonds are in a molecule of glucose?
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6
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where does the energy that comes from breaking the bonds of a glucose molecule go to?
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makes high energy bonds of ATP
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what is the formula for cellular respiration?
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C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O +ATP
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means to split sugars and is the process of glucose being broken down to pyruvic acid; occurs in cytoplasm
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glycolysis
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carries the hydride ions into the mitochondria
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NAD+
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is transported into the mitochondria and is decarboxylated and oxidized
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pyruvic acid
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decarboxylates and oxidezes pyruvic acid in the mitochondria
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pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
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