Bio 2

Front 1

ribosome factories stuck on cell

Back 1

rough endoplasmic reticulum

Front 2

moves fat around

Back 2

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Front 3

makes packaging to move things in and out

Back 3

golgi apparatus

Front 4

membranes left over from the fixation process

Back 4

mesosomes

Front 5

not membrane bound, and is coiled chromosomal

Back 5

nucleoid

Front 6

not membrane bound, and is protein production,

Back 6

ribosomes

Front 7

maintains shape of cell composed of peptidoglycan

Back 7

cell wall

Front 8

layer of polysaccharides lying outisde cell wall
-capsule
-slime layer

Back 8

glycocalyx

Front 9

extra chromosomal pieces of circular DNA (enough to carry 1 or 2 traits)
-biotechnology

Back 9

plasmid

Front 10

important in identification (location/number)
-filament
-basal body
-hook

Back 10

flagella

Front 11

small bristle-like fibers that sprout from cell surface (for attachment)

Back 11

fimbriae

Front 12

used in exchange of plasmids and other chromosomal materials (passes DNA material)

Back 12

sex pili

Front 13

produced by bacterial in large numbers, gives protection, and increases resistance to detergents and antibiotics

Back 13

biofilm

Front 14

bacterias 3 different shapes

Back 14

-rod
-coccus
-spirillium or spirochete

Front 15

eubacteria only; photosyntheis contains thakaliods and has chlorophyll

Back 15

cyanobacteria

Front 16

involved in passage of molecules through membrane
-have a channel; allows free-flow across membrane
-like a tunnel
-uses diffusion

Back 16

channel proteins

Front 17

selectively interacts with a specific molecule or ion to help move it across membrane

Back 17

carrier proteins

Front 18

helps organisms recognize invasion; start immune response
-glycoproteins different for each person; making organ transplants hard to achieve

Back 18

cell recognition proteins

Front 19

shaped in such a way that a specific molecule can bind to it

Back 19

receptor protein

Front 20

catalyze specific reactions

Back 20

enzymatic proteins

Front 21

membrane assisted transport; requires expenditure of cellular energy

Back 21

vesicle formation

Front 22

vesicle formation that is a form of transport used by cells to move molecules, particles, and other substances contained in vesicles across the plasma membrane and into the outside enviornment

Back 22

exocytosis

Front 23

vesicle formation which eukaryotic cells absorb outside material by inverting the plasma membrane to form vesiclesthat encase the material

Back 23

endocytosis

Front 24

types of endocytosis

Back 24

-phagocytosis
-pinocytosis
-receptor mediated endocytosis

Front 25

process by which phagocytes ingest large particles of matter

Back 25

phagocytosis

Front 26

process by which phagocytes ingest small particles of matter

Back 26

pinocytosis

Front 27

if the body gives a signal, it will ingest particles

Back 27

receptor mediated endocytosis

Front 28

hardy-weinberg principle conditions

Back 28

-population size is large
-random mating is occurring
-no mutation
-no genes are introduced or lost
-no selection occurs

Front 29

-thought organisms acquired traits by using their bodies in new ways
-new characteristics passed to offspring
-doesn't take genetics into account

Back 29

theory of acquired characteristics

Front 30

individuals with favored characteristics are breed

Back 30

selective breeding or artificial selection

Front 31

-structures that have different mature forms but develop from the same embryonic tissue
-count de buffon

Back 31

Homologous Body Structures

Front 32

-light passes through specimen
-focuses by two glass lenses
-resolution up to around 1000X compared to the naked eye

Back 32

compound microscope

Front 33

-electrons pass through specimen
-focused by magnetic lenses
-image formed on fluorescent screen
-resolves objects 100,000X than the human eye

Back 33

electron microscopy

Front 34

-bacteria and archaea
-no membrane bound organelles
-DNA in nucleoid region
-smaller

Back 34

prokaryotic

Front 35

-protists, plants, fungi, animals
-more complex
-membrane bound organelles
-DNA in nucleus

Back 35

eukaryotic

Front 36

small naked strands of RNA seen in plants

Back 36

viroids

Front 37

obtained by eating neural tissue of same species, fatal neurodegenerative disorder

Back 37

prions

Front 38

noncellular, have DNA and RNA, only reproduce with "host" machinery,

Back 38

virus

Front 39

lower solute concentration so the cells swell and burst

Back 39

hypotonic

Front 40

higher solute concentration, so the cells lose water and break

Back 40

hypertonic