Bio 1Al Invert 2 Lab

Front 1

5 classes of echinodermata and examples?

Back 1

1. Asteroidea (starfish)
2. Echinodea (sea urchins/sand dollars)
3. Holothuroidea (sea cumcumbers)
4. Ophnroidea (brittle stars)
5. Crinoidea (sea lillies, feather stars)

Front 2

all the MAJOR GROUPS/ subgroups/ and Classes of arthropoda?

Back 2

1. TRILOBITOMORPHA (trilobites)
2. CHELICERATA
a. Arachnida (scorpins/spiders)
b. Xiphosura (horseshoe crab)
3. MANDIBULATA (with jaw)
i. crustacean (crayfish)
4. MYRIAPODA
a. Chilopoda (1 pair of legs per segment, centipedes)
b. Diplopoda (2 pairs of legs per segment, millipedes->poisionous)
5. HEXAPODA
a. Insecta (3 pairs of legs, cockroaches, etc.)

Front 3

Describe following about Starfish:
0. Which phylum?
1. Special Features
2. Water Vascular System
3. Digestive System
4. Circulatory/Respiratory System
5. Nervous System
6. Reproduction

Back 3

0. Echinodermata
1. exculsively marine
only coelomic invertebrate w/radial symmetry *larvae=bilateral
endoskeleton (calcareous plates) covered by epithelium
no excretory or respiratory organs
oral->aboral
pedicellariae (pinchers) ->remove debris/parsites
2. in aboral to oral direction
madreporeite (mother pore) -> stone canal -> ring canal ->radial canals -> lateral canals -> ampulla ->tube feet (oral side)
3. mouth (oral side) -> cardiac stomach -> pyloric stomach -> digestive/hepatic/pyloric ceaca -> short intestines->
a)rectal ceaca ->anus (aboral)
OR
b)WVS->body
4. open, WVS circulate coelomic fluid, gases diffuse through dermal branchiae, waste diffuses through epithelium
5. no cephalization, speical sense organs, nerves throughout arms & central disk
6. dioecious, eggs-orange/salmon color, sperm-white

Front 4

special features about the phylum Arthropoda?

Back 4

1.segmentation=fusion=function=tagmatization
2. bilateral
3. cephalization in head region -> paired ventral nerve cord
4. chitinous exoskeleton-> protection, attachment points to muscles, etc
5. joint appendages
6. must molt to grow -> lose exoskeleton

Front 5

Describe following about Insecta:
1. Which Major Group?
2. Which Phylum?
3. development
4. circulatory
5. respiratory
6. digestive
7. execretory
8. reproductive
9. nervous system

Back 5

1. Hexopoda
2. Arthopoda
3. a) Hemimetabolous (direct, incomplete): egg->nymph (small verison of adult)->adult (sexually active)
b) Holometabolous (indrect, complete): egg->larvae->pupa (cocoon)->adult
4. open, dorsal blood vessel, hemolymph w/ameobocytes-respiratory pigments
5. not connected to circulatory, no blood carrying air, air->spiracles(back)->trachea->tracheoles (silver tubes)->body
6. Foregut: mouth->esophagus->crop->gizzard
Midgut:digestive caeca (w/digestive enzymes)
Hindgut: malpighiam tubules->ileum->colon->rectum->anus
7. malpighian tubules=empties waste into lumen of hindgut
8. male=testes, vas deferens, accessory glands, conglobate gland
female=ovaries, accessory glands
9. ventral, double stranded ->ganglia

Front 6

Describe following about Crustacea:
1. this is a class or subgroup or group?
2. which phylum?
3. special features
4. respiratory
5. reproductive
6. digestive
7. excretory
8. circulatory

Back 6

1. subgroup
2. arthropoda
3. swimmerets: Male->1st&2nd pair modified for sperms transfer, Female->2nd pair have holes to release eggs
4. gills->linked to circulatory
5. dioecious
6. mouth->esophagus->cardic stomach (gastric mill-grinding)->pyloric stomach->midgut->intestines->anus
7. green gland->located @bases of antenna, gastrolith->storage for calcium for exoskeleton
8. open, heart is dorsally located in thorax and have osta (holes), hemolymph w/hemocyanin-respiratory pigment
pathway: heart->arteries->tissues sinuses (-O2)->central sinus->gills (+O2)->paricardial sinus->heart