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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Metabolism? |
The sum of all chemical reactions in a cell. |
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What are the two types of Metabolic Pathways? |
Catabolism & Anabolism A series of steps sometimes called biosynthetic, how the body makes things that it needs. |
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What is Catabolism? |
A break down reaction (catabolic). How we digest food. |
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What is Anabolism? |
Building reactions (anabolic). Building muscles through steroids. |
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What is Energy? |
The capacity to cause change. |
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What are the two types of Energy? |
* Potential Energy * Kinetic Energy |
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What is Potential Energy? |
* The Energy of position or structure * Energy that is not being used at the moment |
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What is Kinetic Energy? |
The Energy of movement. |
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What the First Law of Thermodynamics? |
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be transferred or converted to another form. |
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What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics? |
Speaks of Energy Conversion. When energy is converted some of it is lost through Entropy (disorder or chaos). Unusable form of Energy, usually heat. |
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What is Entropic Doom? |
There is only so much energy in the universe, we are going to use or lose all of our Energy and then the world will end! |
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What are Exergonic Reactions? |
Spontaneous reaction, releasing energy. Reactants have more energy than products. |
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What are Endogonic Reactions? |
Reactions that will not occur unless energy is added. Reactants have less energy than products. |
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What is the Energy Currency of the Cell? |
ATP |
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What is it called when you add a Phosphate Group to something? |
Phosphorylation |
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What are Enzymes? |
* Important reactions * Catalysts * Specific most will only work on one substance * Increases the speed of reactions (like digestion) * They make a reaction occur, but are not consumed in the reaction * Reusable * Most are proteins * Shape, pH, salt concentrations & temperature will all affect the enzymes and how they do their job. |
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Explain how an Enzyme Substrate Complex forms. |
We have "Pac-Man", he is the Enzyme. Then we have the wedge shaped piece (the Substrate) that fits in his mouth (Active Site) with an induced fit (Hug). Put them together and they become the Enzyme Substrate Complex. |
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It a substance ends in "ase" it is what? |
An Enzyme. The prefix will tell you want the Substrate is. |
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What can happen to slow down enzymatic reactions? |
A Control Enzyme (from DNA) will create an inhibitor (Competitive & Noncompetitive) to compete with the substrate for the active site. The Inhibitor will attach to the Allosteric (other site) which will change the shape of the Active Site so that the Substrate can't get in. |
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What is Feedback Inhibition? |
The product of a Metabolic Pathway. It inhibits an enzyme early in the pathway, which limits the amount of product being produced. |
