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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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recombination |
the shuffling of genes insertion, deletion, ect |
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genetic drift |
change in frequency of alleles due to random population sampling |
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founder effect |
new population made that is genetically different from the large ancestral population form of genetic drift |
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gene flow |
migration of individuals between sub-populations counteracts genetic drift |
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intrasexual selection |
competition between members of the same sex |
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intersexual selection |
female choice in male, or male choice in female |
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anisogamy (heterogamy) |
different sizes or investment in gametes |
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post capulatory male-male comeptition |
sperm competition |
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monogomy |
males and females only mate with 1 other per season |
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polygamy |
males and females mate with multiple others per season |
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polyandry |
females mate with many, males mate with one ( many males to one female) |
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polgyny |
Males mate with many, females mate with one (many females to one male) |
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gynandromorph |
results from incorrect division of sex chromosomes |
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prezygotic barriers |
prevents fertilization between organisms of different species |
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post zygotic barriers |
operates if fertilization occurs |
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allopatric speciation |
speciation by geographical barriers |
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vicariant speciation |
gene flow barriers arise without dispersal |
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autopolyploidy |
one species creates a new species |
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allopolyploidy |
two similar but different species create a new species |
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monophyletic |
all descendant organisms share the same common ancestor |
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paraphyletic |
some descendant organisms have a different ancestor (reptiles) |
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polyphyletic |
descended from different ancestors |
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homoplasy (convergent evolution) |
when traits look similar but evolved independently |
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homology |
traits that share common ancestry |
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heterochrony |
evolutionary change in timing or rate of development |
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polymorphism |
two or more phenotypes are present in the same population |
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paedomorphosis |
child like |
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peramorphosis |
mature past adulthood |
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Dispersal mediated speciation |
Part of a group that moves to another location |
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Vicariant speciation |
When a barrier forms in the middle of a species, separating them |
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Sympatric speciation |
Speciation without geographical separation Allopolyploidy and autopolyploidy |
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Reinforcement |
Type of natural selection (disruptive selection) which favors extreme phenotypes over intermediate |
