Bio 153 - Basic Chem & Cell Structure

Front 1

Covalent bond

Back 1

Chemical bond involving sharing of electron pairs b/w atoms. Strongest and stable bond

Front 2

Ionic bond

Back 2

Electrostatic attraction b/w oppositely charged ions b/w cations and anions

Front 3

Hydrogen bond

Back 3

Weak bond forms and break quickly.

Front 4

Glucose

Back 4

Carbon + hydrogen, charge of 0 but can form hydrogen bonds with water (polar)

Front 5

Lipids

Back 5

Long chains of carbohydrates saturated with hydrogen. Cant form hydrogen bond with water (non-polar)

Front 6

Triglyceride

Back 6

3 fatty acids attached by dehydration synthesis to 1 molecule of glycerol. OH group sticking out. Hydrophobic

Front 7

Dehydration synthesis

Back 7

Chemical reaction that builds up molecules by losing water molecules

Front 8

Phospholipids

Back 8

Amphipathic - polar head =hydrophilic, 2 fatty acid tails= hydrophobic. Glycerol backbone. Can't form hydrogen bonds

Front 9

Amino acid

Back 9

Class of organic molecules. Made up of central carbon, amino group, an r group and carboxylic acid group

Front 10

Protein

Back 10

Chains of amino acids held together by peptide bonds

Front 11

Functions of Proteins (6)

Back 11

Inside cells- holds shape of the cell

Movement - contractive proteins allow for movement to occur

Transport - helping move things in and out of cells

Enzymes- carry out chemical reactions

Buffering - maintaining pH

Antibodies - play a significant role in immune system

Front 12

pH solution

Back 12

Neutral - b/w 6.5 to 7.5

Acidic - under 6.5

Basic - over. 5

Front 13

Hydrolysis (opposite of dehydration synthesis)

Back 13

Complex molecule is broken down by adding water.

Front 14

Phospholipid bilayer permeable to:

Back 14

Gases

Non-polar molecules (co2, N, O)

Small uncharged molecules (ethanol)

Front 15

Phospholipid not permeable to:

Back 15

Large molecules

Charged molecules

Front 16

Cell membrane function

Back 16

Acts as a physical isolation

Exchanges with environment

Provides structural support

Front 17

Fluid Mosaic Model

Back 17

Tightly packed double phospholipid bilayer with protein molecules aiding with cross membrane transport

Front 18

Integral Protein (transmembrane protein)

Back 18

Penetrates into lipid bilayer, incorporated into bilayer structure

Front 19

Peripheral Protein

Back 19

Doesn't penetrate lipid bilayer. Only associated with the surface of the bilayer.

Front 20

Polarized

Back 20

One side of cell is different than the other side of the cell. (Apical different thqn Basolater)