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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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root pressure
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water is forced up plant as a result of water moving accross the osmotic gradient from the soil to the roots
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stomata
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small openings in leaves for gas exchange but water also escapes
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primary growth
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increases length of plant at tip of stems, roots, branches
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secondary growth
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increases girth by adding cells to plant body
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cambiums
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meristem tissue located in roots and stems
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2 types of cambiums
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vascular- beneath bark which provides secondary phloem and xylem
cork - produces bark or periderm |
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Roots: Taproot System
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a simple long conical root with many lateral branches, root hairs
gymnosperms and dicots ex. carrot |
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Roots: Fibrous System
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complex network
monocots ex. grasses |
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Roots: Adventitious Roots
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lateral extensions of primary roots which arise at the bottom of the stem
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Roots: Caspian Strip
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cell walls of endodermis and suberin coating whih creates a water impermeable barrier
gives cells control of what enters into vascular tissues |
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Roots: Root Hairs
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grow out from the epidermis and capture previously untapped water and mineral resources of the soil
epidermal issues (trichomes) that are specialized for absobing water and dissolved minerals |
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Monocot VS. Dicot Roots
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monocot has no vascular cambium and no secondary vascular tissues
monocot has a ring of vascular tissues around pith, dicots have an X like clump in the center of the stele |
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The differences between herbaceous dicots and wood dicots:
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woody dicots have extensive secondary growth where herbaceous are limited
woody dicots have cork cambiums which produce bark |
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Explain in detail what would happen to a tree stripped of its bark:
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The bark of a woody plant consists of all the layers external to vascular cambium and thus i ncludes the phloem and the components of the periderm.
Bark provides protections from herbivores, insects, fungus and other predators. Because it contains the phloem, the tree would be unable to transfer sugars from the photosynthetic portions of the tree to other non-sugar producing areas (stem, roots). These parts would die. If the roots die, then the tree would eventually run out of water, ending photosynthesis killing the entire tree. |
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Monocot VS. Dicot Stems
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Dicot Stems have vascular bundles around the outer edge. They have collenchyma sells in the corners for support.
Monocot stems have their vascular bendles scattered through out the stem. There is no vascular cambium. |
