Bio 151 Vocab Ch. 31

Front 1

Gymnosperm

Back 1

Plants that produce seeds that are exposed rather than enclosed by fruits.
The opposite of angiosperms

Front 2

Wood

Back 2

A tissue composed of numerous pipelike arrays of empty, water-conducting cells whose walls are strengthened by lignin.

Front 3

Vascular cambium

Back 3

a tissue that procudes both thick layers of wood and thinner layers of inner bark.

Front 4

Progymnosperms

Back 4

'before gymnosperms'
lived 370 million years ago. able to produce a vascular cambium and wood.

Front 5

Eustele

Back 5

A ring of vascular tissue arranged around a central pith of nonvascular tissue; typical of progymnosperms, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.

Front 6

Pits

Back 6

A small cavity in a plant cell wall where secondary wall materials such as lignin are absent.

Front 7

Torus

Back 7

The nonporous flexible central region of a conifer pit that functions like a valve.

Front 8

Angiosperm

Back 8

'enclosed seed'
seeds are enclosed by fruit.

Front 9

Flowers

Back 9

Complex reproductive structures that are spexialized for the efficient production of pollen and seeds. Have 4 types of organs: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.

Front 10

Sepals

Back 10

A flower organ that functions to protect the unopened flower bud

Front 11

Petals

Back 11

A flower organ that usually serves to attract insects or other animals for pollen transport.

Front 12

Stamensa

Back 12

A flower structure that makes pollen.

Front 13

Carpels

Back 13

A flower shoot organ that produces ovules that contain female gametophytes.

Front 14

Receptacle

Back 14

a tissue that supports flower parts and is located at the tip of a flower stalk.

Front 15

Peduncle

Back 15

The tip of a flower stalk

Front 16

Pollination

Back 16

the transfer of pollen among flowers

Front 17

Perianth

Back 17

All of the flower's petals and sepals.

Front 18

Complete flowers

Back 18

Flowers that possess all four types of organs.

Front 19

Incomplete flowers

Back 19

flowers lacking one or more organ types

Front 20

Perfect flowers

Back 20

flowers that contain both stamens and carpels

Front 21

Imperfect flowers

Back 21

flowers that are lacking either stamens or carpels

Front 22

Pistil

Back 22

A flower structure that may consist of a single carpel or multiple, fused carpels, and is differentiated into stigma, style and ovary.

Front 23

Stigma

Back 23

The topmost portion of the pistil that receives and recognizes pollen of the appropriate species or genotype.

Front 24

Style

Back 24

The elongated pistil structure through which the pollen tube of a flower grows.

Front 25

Ovary

Back 25

The lower most portion of the pistil that encloses and protects the ovules.

Front 26

Filaments

Back 26

The elongated portion of a flower's stamen; contains vascular tissue that delivers nutrients from parental sporophytes to anthers

Front 27

Anthers

Back 27

clusters of microsporangia that produce pollen and then opten to release

Front 28

Monocots

Back 28

embryos possess one seed leaf

Front 29

Eudicots

Back 29

'dicots'
embryos possess 2 seed leaves

Front 30

Inforescences

Back 30

a cluster of flowers on a plant.

Front 31

Nectar

Back 31

A sugar-rich substance produced by many flowers tha serves as a food reward for pollinators.

Front 32

Pollinators

Back 32

Animals that carry pollen between flowers

Front 33

Fruits

Back 33

Structures that develop from ovary walls in diverse ways that aid the dispersal of enclosed seeds.

Front 34

Legumes

Back 34

Plant family known for its distinctive fruits, dry pods that open down both sides when seeds are mature.

Front 35

Grains

Back 35

single-seeded fruits of cereal grasses such as rice, corn, barley and wheat.

Front 36

Secondary Metabolite

Back 36

Molecules that are not essential for cell structure and growth.