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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the triggers for the disorder associated with QT interval?
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Some exercise/excietment/sex
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What are the symptoms of the disorder associated with the QT interval?
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Fainting
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Where does the QT interval begin and end?
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Beginning of Q......End of T Wave
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Where does the ST segment begin and end?
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End of S.....Beginning of T Wave
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Where does the PR segment begin and end?
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End of P Wave ....Start of Q deflection
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What is the event of the ST segment?
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Ventricles contracting
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Name the boundaries of the event describe as; ventricles relax & filling with blood?
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End of T wave to Next R spike
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When can the End of T wave to next R be short?
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During exercise
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Describe the disorder associated with QT interval.
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Abnormally long QT interval
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What does it indicate when there is an abnormally long QT interval?
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That the ventricles are slow to repolarize
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What is the event of QT interval?
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Total time for ventricle to contract & relax
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What is the event of the PR interval?
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Total time for Atria contrractions
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What does the PR interval allow?
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Ventricle filling
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What disorder is indicated with an abnormally long PR interval?
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Partial or total Heart block
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What does it mean when there is a lack of communication between AS & AV node?
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Heart Block
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What is the event of the PR segment?
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Time that depolarization wave is delayed at the AV node
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Where does the PR interval begin and end?
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Beginning of P wave.......Ends at the beginning of Q deflection
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When the U wave shows up what is it indicating?
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Electrolyte imbalance
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Where is the U Wave located?
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small wave after T Wave
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What is the event of the U Wave?
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Repolarizing of Purkinje Fibers
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What is the wave that is not measurable on all ECG's?
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U Wave
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What is the disorder related to enlarge R Waves?
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Indicates Ventricle hypertrophy.
Healthy reason = exercise un-healthy reason= Hypertension |
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What is the event of the QRS complex?
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Ventricles depolarize..contracting
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Where in the cardiac cycle does the QRS complex occur?
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Systole
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Where is the the location of the QRS complex?
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AV node travels down the bundle of His turns around Apex
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What is the event of the P Wave?
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Atria depolarizing...contracting
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Where in the cardiac cycle does the P Wave occur?
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Late diastole
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What is the location of the P Wave?
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SA node triggers and action potiental
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What is the event of the T Wave?
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Ventricles repolarizing ...Relaxing
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Where in the cardiac cycle does the T Wave occur?
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Early diastole
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What does ECG stand for?
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Electro cardogram
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What does and ECG do?
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It's an indirect measure of electrical activity of the heat
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What are the 3 main parts of the ECG?
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P Waves
QRS complex T Waves |
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What two sounds do the heart valves make?
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LUB & DUB
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Why are the sounds Lub & Dub created?
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They are created when blood hits the closed valves
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What valves create the LUB sounds?
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AV valves
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Where in the cardiac cycle is the LUB sound created?
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systole
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Where in the ECG is the LUB sound occurring?
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QRS complex
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What valves create the LUB sounds?
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AV valves
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Where in the cardiac cycle is the DUB sound created?
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Diastole
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Where in the ECG is the DUB sound occurring?
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T Wave
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What is the event of the P Wave?
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Atria depolarizing...contracting
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What is Auscultation?
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listening to the heart valves
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Where would you listen to hear the tricuspid valve?
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5th inter costal space (right side)
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Where in the cardiac cycle is the DUB sound created?
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Diastole
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Where would you listen for the AV valves?
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5th intercostal space
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Where in the ECG is the DUB sound occurring?
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T Wave
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Where in the ECG is the DUB sound occurring?
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T Wave
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Where in the cardiac cycle does the P Wave occur?
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Late diastole
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What is Auscultation?
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listening to the heart valves
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What is Auscultation?
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listening to the heart valves
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What is the event of the T Wave?
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Ventricles repolarizing ...Relaxing
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Where would you listen to hear the bicuspid valve?
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5th intercostal space (left side)
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What is Auscultation?
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listening to the heart valves
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Where would you listen to hear the bicuspid valve?
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5th intercostal space (left side)
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Where in the cardiac cycle does the T Wave occur?
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Early diastole
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Where would you listen to hear the bicuspid valve?
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5th intercostal space (left side)
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What is the location of the P Wave?
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SA node triggers and action potiental
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Where would you listen to hear the bicuspid valve?
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5th intercostal space (left side)
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Where would you listen to hear the tricuspid valve?
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5th inter costal space (right side)
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Where in the ECG is the DUB sound occurring?
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T Wave
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Where in the cardiac cycle is the DUB sound created?
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Diastole
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What valves create the DUB sounds?
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SL Valves
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What does ECG stand for?
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Electro cardogram
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What does and ECG do?
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It's an indirect measure of electrical activity of the heat
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Where would you listen for the AV valves?
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5th intercostal space
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Where would you listen to hear the tricuspid valve?
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5th inter costal space (right side)
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Where would you listen to hear the tricuspid valve?
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5th inter costal space (right side)
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Where would you listen for the AV valves?
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5th intercostal space
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Where would you listen for the AV valves?
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5th intercostal space
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What are the 3 main parts of the ECG?
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P Waves
QRS complex T Waves |
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What two sounds do the heart valves make?
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LUB & DUB
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Why are the sounds Lub & Dub created?
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They are created when blood hits the closed valves
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What are the two SL valves?
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pulmonary & Aortic
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Where would you listen to hear the SL valves?
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2nd intercostal space
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What side of the 2nd intercostal space would you listen for the Pulmonary SL valve?
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Left side
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What side of the 2nd intercostal space would you listen for the Aortic SL valve?
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Left side
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What are the two dysfunctional heart sounds?
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Heart murmer & Stinosis
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What are the causes of a heart murmer?
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Leaky valves/ incompetent
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What is the sound of a heart murmer?
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whooshy
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What are the causes of stinosis?
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Hardening of the valves
they cant open or close all the way |
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What is the sound of stinosis?
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High pitch clicking
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What is the indirect measure of heart rate?
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Pulse
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What is the average resting rate for pulse?
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75 Bpm
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In what units is pulse measured?
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Bpm
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When taking someones pulse what are you feeling?
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A surge in pressure
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Explain what is happening with pulse.
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Arteries are expanding (systole) & recoiling (diastole) to keep blood flow relatively constant
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What are the two ways to measure pulse?
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Apical puls & Superficial Pulse
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How do you measure apical pulse?
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With a stethoscope counting the Bpm
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How do you measure superficial pulse
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measured in peripheral arteries
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What are some location to measure superficial pulse?
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Radial artery - wrist
Brachial artery - antibrachial region Carotid artery - neck Femoral artery - groin |
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Name the steps in taking a superficial pulse.
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1. fingertips o pressure point
2. compress & release 3. count # of beats per set time |
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What is a pulse deficit?
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When apical & superficial pulse don't match
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What are the reason for a pulse deficit?
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Abnormal heart rhythms & low cardiac output
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What is Blood pressure?
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The force of blood on the wall of blood vessels
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What is the average of pressure during systole and diastole?
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120mmHg/80mmHg
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How is pulse pressure calculated?
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systolic pressure - diastole pressure.
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What is the average pulse pressure?
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40mmHg
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When does pulse pressure increase?
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with exercise
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If pulse pressure is chronically high what does it indicate?
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Athersclerosis
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With Athersclerosis what happens to the vessel and pressure?
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vessel can't expand so systolic pressure increases
vessel can't recoil so diastolic pressure dicreases |
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What are the tools for measuring blood pressure?
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stethoscope & spygmomanometer
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What is the theory of measuring blood pressure?
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blood is silent when moving through open vessels.
when moving through partically closed vessels it will make a soft clicking noise (sounds of Korotkoff) |
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What is the procedure for taking blood pressure?
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1. Inflate cuff above systole (160mmHg) this stop blood flow.
2. slowly release pressure b deflating the cuff. 3. Listen for sounds of Korotkoff =systolic pressure 4. keep listening till the sound stops = diastolic pressure |
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What is MAP
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mean arterial pressure
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How much time does the heart spend in diastole and systole
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2/3 in diastole
1/3 in systole |
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What is the equation for MAP
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1/3 systolic pressure + 2/3 diastolic pressure or
diastolic pressure + 1/3 pulse pressure |
