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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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communicating junction
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allows molecules and signals to move between cells
in animals- gap junction in plants- plasmadatas |
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membranes are permeable to ____
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water
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water specific chanels in phosopholipid bilayer
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aquaporins
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hypertonic
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solution has higher concentration than cell
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hypotonic
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cell has higher concentration than solution
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isotonic
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cell and solution have same concentration of solutes
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osmosis
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water moving in and out of cell
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tight junction
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impermeable connections around outside of cell
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anchoring junction
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close connection between 2 cells
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passive transport requires _____
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no energy
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transport kinetics
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rate of transport vs concentration
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active transport
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using energy to actively move molecules from low to high concentration
requires specific transport protein |
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all active transports are also ____
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saturate
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uniporters
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transport single species in one direction
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symporters
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transport 2 species in same direction
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antiporters
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2 species in opposite direction
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frye and edidin experiment
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label two cells in different colors
fuse cells see if colors mix |
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cells can maintain desired fluidity of their membrane by changing ___________
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faty acides in p lipids
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unsaturated acids _____ fluidity
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increase
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saturated fatty acids ______ fluidity
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decrease
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short chains ______ fluidity
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increase
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goal of membrane fluidity
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stay constant
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facilitated diffusion
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charged or large molecules
can cross using carrier protein or channel protein cells control what crosses membrane |
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if concentration differs across membrane then subtance will move from
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high to low concentration
by simple diffusion |
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if membranes were purely a phosolipid bilayer it would be permeable to
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non polar molcules
small polar molecules |
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if membranes were purely a phopholipid bilayer it would be impermeable to
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large polar molecules
charged molecules |
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2 kinds of membrane proteins
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integral membrane protein
peripeal membrane protein |
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membranes also contain other kinds of lipids like ________
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cholesterol and glycolipids
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complete membrane described by ____
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fluid mosiac model
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membrane lipids and proteins are
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not fixed
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membrane at higher temp is
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more fluid
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plasma membrane
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selective door
semi permeable |
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extracellular matrix
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hold cells into tissue
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movement and shape uses ____ to convert chemical energy to mechanical motion
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motor protiens
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________ and_____ interact with microtubules to generate motion
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dynein and kinesin
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cytoskelaton shape
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confers shape to a cell, but is dynamic
allows change in shape and motion |
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intermediate filaments structure
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medium thickness
made of several fiberous protein sub units |
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intermediate filaments function
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shape and support
no role in movement |
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some cells move using external cilia and flagella which are made of
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microtubules
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microfilament structure
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thinest fiber
long thin fibers or actin |
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microfilament function
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structural support
cell movement muscle contraction |
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microtubules
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thickest fiber
hollow tubes of tubulin structural support cell movement |
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cyto skeleton is _____ important in plants
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less
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three type of fibers in cytoskelaton
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microtubules
microfilaments intermediate |
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plastids
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general class of plant specific organeles
most important; choroplasts |
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choroplasts
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site of photosynthesis
bullet shape |
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thylakoid membrane
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folded into disks
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mitochondrial eve
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source of all human mitochondria
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structure of membranes is critical to ____
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cellular respiratoin
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lysomes are used to
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recycle old organelles
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mitochondria are the
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power plant of the cell
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function of mitochondria
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cellular respiration for energy
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shape of mitochondria
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bullet shape
2 membranes |
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mrna =____
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messenger
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RNA determines
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sequence of amino acids
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nucleolus
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within nucleus, dense dot
site of RNA transcription site of ribosome assembly |
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euchromatin
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DNA actively being transcribed
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function of nucleus
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protects genetic info
storage of germ line cells expression of genetic info |
