Bio 106

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hyphae

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are threadlike individual filament that make up Fungi

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Mycelia(um)

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the body of the fungus where the hyphae are organized into

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Chitin

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cells of fungi have cell wall made of chitin combined with other complex carbohydrates, including cellulose.

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Sporangia(um)

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when hyphae grow upright and develop sporangia, round structures on their tips.

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Zygospore

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is thick-walled 2n nuclei and develops when (+) and (-) hyphae fuse, and utimately, nuclei from opposite strains fuse to form 2n zygote nuclei.

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coprophilous

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is the what pilobolus crystallinus is called because its fungus that grows on dung.

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Rhizopus Stolonifer

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reproduced sexually and asexually. in asexual the sporangia are dispersed through air and in sexual two fungi one with (+) and (-) must grow near eachother.

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Philobolus Crystallinus

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member of phylum Zygomycota and only does asexual reproduction by the sporangia swelling and releasing all its spores at the same time.

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Zygote Fungi (Zygomycota)

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a common organism in the phylum and it member are pilobolus crystallinus and Rhizopus Stolonifer.

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spore

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is a reporductive structure that is adaptive for disperal and can survive a long time in favorable conditions. Are usually haploid and unicellular.

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Sac Fungi (ascomycota)

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includes edible fungi, morels,and truffles, but also includes several deadly plant and animal paracites.

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ascopores

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A sexually produced fungal spore formed within an ascus

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ascus

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is the sexual spore-bearing cell produced in ascomycete fungi

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asci

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the plural of ascus

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ascocarp

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asci forms withing the ascocarp which is a closed spherical structure that develops a pore at the top for dispersal.

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conidia

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are the name of the spores created in asexual reproduction and are produced on the surface of special reproducive hyphae.

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bubbing

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yeast most commonly forms this way by budding process in which small cells form by pinching off the parent cell.

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Morals

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mushrooms appear honeycomb-like in that the upper portion is composed of a network of ridges with pits between them.

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Peziza

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has a cup shaped ascocarp with asci within cup (look like alice and wonderland teacups)

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Cup Fungi

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fungi with cup-shaped ascocarp

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Ergot Fungus

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also called Claviceps purpurea that paracitic to certain grains and grasses.

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Imperfect Fungi (Deuteromycota)

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when the sexual reproductive stages of the fungi don't exist or are not found.ex. ring worm and athlets foot

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Blue cheese

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is a good imperfect fungi in the species penicillum that produces the anitbotic penicilin but also used to make blue cheese

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Lichens

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are symbiotic associations betw. fungi and usually algae or cyanobacteria that forms a body easyily recongizable.

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thallus

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is the lichen body

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Symbiosis

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commonly describes close and often long-term interactions between different biological species.

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foliose

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a leafy thallus

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crustose

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crust-like thallus

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Fruticose

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a cylindrical thallus

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Mushrooms

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is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or on its food source. Ascomycota and the woody or leathery fruiting bodies of some Basidiomycota

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Shelf Fungi

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are fungi, in the phylum Basidiomycota. They produce shelf- or bracket-shaped fruiting bodies (conks) that lie in a close planar grouping of separate or interconnected horizontal rows.

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Gametangia

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is an organ or cell in which gametes are produced that is found in many multicellular protists, algae, fungi, and the gametophytes of plants. In contrast to gametogenesis in animals, a gametangium is a haploid structure and formation of gametes does not involve meiosis

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germinating Zygospore

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the process whereby growth emerges from a period of dormancy;growth of hyphae from fungal spores, is also germination

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Coprinus

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The genus Coprinus is a small genus of mushrooms consisting of Coprinus comatus (the shaggy mane) and several of its close relatives

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Club Fungi (Basidiomycota)

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More specifically the Basidiomycota include mushrooms, puffballs, stinkhorns, bracket fungi, other polypores, jelly fungi, boletes, chanterelles, earth stars, smuts, bunts, rusts, mirror yeasts

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Rhizoid

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In fungi, rhizoids are small branching hyphae that grow downwards from the stolons that anchor the fungus

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Zygospore

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zygospore is a reproductive part of a fungus, a chlamydospore that is created by the nuclear fusion of haploid hyphae of different mating types.