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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Excretion |
elimination of metabolic excesses (has been altered by a cell) |
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Egestion |
elimination of undigested food and bacteria |
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Minor Forms of Excretion |
Feces (very minor) Bacteria (room and board) Bilirubin |
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Skin as a Minor Excretory Organ |
Water Salt Urea |
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Other Excretion |
Saliva and Digestive Juices (mostly reclaimed) |
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Major Excretory Organ |
Kidneys |
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What do the kidneys eliminate? |
Salt Water Glucose |
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Major Metabolic Wastes |
Ammonia (Simple) Toxic NH3 Very soluble in water Major excretory waste of aquatic organisms Urea (Complex) Convert ammonia to urea in liver Less toxic Less soluble Uric Acid (Very Complex - Double Ring) Less toxic Insoluble in water Major excretory element of birds and reptiles |
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Formation of Urine |
Step One: Capsule Filtration (Bowman's Capsule) High capillary blood pressure Huge length of capillaries 70 mm Hg Membranes very thin and porous Composition: Dilute Urine Lots of water and small molecules NO RBCs or particles 1.5 ml . min |
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F o U 2 |
Step Two: Tubular Concentration (Loop of Henle) Large capillary network Osmosis H2O (requires no work) Secretion into LoH: Salts, sugars, urea into liver (requires work) Hormone controlled - windows can open more or close more Anti-diuretic hormone |
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F o U 3 |
Characteristics Water 95% Daily 1-2 liters |
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F o U 4 |
Drinking 3.7 L |
