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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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hypothesis
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a proposed explanation for one or more observations
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deductive reasoning
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HT is based on
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Experiment
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contrived situations designed to test specific hypo
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Data
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information collected by scientists during hypo testing
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hydrogen bond
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a type of weak chemical bond
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covalent bond
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a type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share electrons
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Carbon
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What element is important on Earth?
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homeostasis
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steady state condition an organism works to maintain
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metabolism
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all chemical reactions occurring in the body
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cellular respiration
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process requiring oxygen by which cells use food to make ATP
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photosynthesis
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process by which plants, along with algae and some bacteria, transform light energy to chemical energy
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pH scale
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measure of hydrogen ion concentration ranging from 0-14 with lower numbers equaling higher hydrogen ion concentrations
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organelles
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subcellular structure found in cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that performs a specific job
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nucleus
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cell structure that houses DNA; found in eukaryotes
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endoplasmic reticulum
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network of membranes in eukaryotic cells. When rough, or studded with ribosomes, functions as a workbench for protein synthesis. When devoid of ribosomes, or smooth, it functions in phospholipid and steroid synthesis and detoxification
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mitochondria
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organelles in which products of the digestive system are converted to ATP
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lysosome
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membrane-bound sac of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of many cells
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atomic number
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number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
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atomic mass
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sum of the number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus
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lipids
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Hydrophobic molecules including fats, phospholipids, and steroids
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activation energy
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amount of energy that reactants in a chemical reaction must absorb before the reaction can start
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statistical tests
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help scientists evaluate whether the results of a single experiment demonstrate the effect of treatment
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double blind
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experimental design protocol when both research subjects and scientists performing the measurements are unaware of either the experimental hypothesis or who is in the control or experimental group
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polar molecule
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molecule that carries opposite charges on opposite sides
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hydrophobic
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water-hating
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hydrophilic
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water-loving
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covalent bond
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type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share electrons
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ionic bond
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chemical bond resulting from the attraction of oppositely charged ions
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macronutrients
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nutrients required in large quantities
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micronutrients
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nutrients needed in small quantities
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vitamin
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organic nutrient needed in small amounts. most function as coenzymes
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mineral
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inorganic nutrient essential to many cell functions
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solute
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substance that is dissolved in a solution
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solvent
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what a solute is dissolved in
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reactants
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starting materials in a chemical reaction
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product
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results of a chemical reaction
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