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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who created the cell theory?
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Robert Hooke
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What is the cell theory?
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cells are the basic units of structure in all living things
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What defines a eurkaryote?
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presence of a nucleus,membranous organelles and cytoskeleton
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What are the membranous organelles in a Eukaryote?
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nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus,motochondria, lysosomes, peroxisomes
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What are the nonmembranous oranelles in a Eukaryote?
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ribosomes, microtubules, centrioles, flagella, and cytoskeleton
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What happens in the nucleus?
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genetic control center, holds DNA and a nucleolis
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What happens in a nucleolis?
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ribosomes are made
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What is DNA called in the nucleus?
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chromatin
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What is any membrane for and in a cell made of?
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double layer of phospholipids. phospholipid bilayer
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What happens in the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
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ribosomes attached to it which make proteins and string them into the RER where sugars might or might not be attached to it. also makes more membrane
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What happens in the smooth ER?
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lacks attached ribosomes, enzymes embedded in membrane, synthesis of lipids, it detoxifies so very prevelent in liver cells, and calcium storage in muscle cells
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What happens in the golgi apparatus?
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finishes, sorts and ships cell products
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What are transport vesicles?
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has bilayer and moves products from rer to golgi ap and I'm sure other things, they also fucntion in making more membrane and lysosome formation
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What does a lysosome do?
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digests the cell food and waste. consists of digestive enzymes, destroys harmful bacteria, recycles
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Lysosome storage diseases?
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pompes diseas-lacking glycogen digesting enzyme. tay-sachs disease- lack of lipid digesting enzyme.
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What does a vacuole do?
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general maintenance of cell
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What kind of vacuoles are there?
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food, central, contractile vacuole(regulates water concentration in protist)
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What does a choroplast do?
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converts solar energyto chemical energy, photosynthesis
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What compartments are in the chloroplast?
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intermembrane space, stroma, granum
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What does mitochondria do?
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harvest chemical energy from food, powerhouse of cell, produces ATP
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What composes the mitochondria?
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intermembrane space, mitochondrial matrix (cellular respiration), cristae (folds)
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What is a cytoskeleton?
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supportive meshwork of fine fibers present in all eukaryotes
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What 3 fiber make up the cytoskeleton?
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microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
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what does the intermediate filament do?
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ropelike, bears tension, anchors organelles in place
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what does the microtubule do?
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gives the cell rigidity
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what is pasmodesmata?
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plant cells connected to each other by cell junctions called plasmodesmata.
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Do animal cells have cell walls?
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no
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What kind of cell juntions are in animal cells?
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tight juntions, anchoring juntions, communicating junctions.
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