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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the basic equation of photosynthesis? |
6 CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight ----> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
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What is a photon? |
A packet of light or other electromagnetic radiation |
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what is the electromagnetic spectrum? |
The range of possible frequencies of radiation |
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What is wavelength? |
The distance a photon moves during a complete vibration |
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What are the main components of the electromagnetic spectrum? |
1. Ultraviolet radiation 2. Visible light 3. Infrared radiation |
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What is visible light? |
The middle range of wavelengths - provides energy that powers photosynthesis |
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What are the wavelengths of visible light? |
Distinct colors -Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet |
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Which has higher energy: gamma rays or radio waves? |
Gamma rays - because it has the shortest wavelength |
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What are pigments? |
Matter that absorbs visible light |
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What are types of pigments? |
1. Chlorophyll a 2. Chlorophyll b 3. Carotenoids |
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What is chlorophyll a? |
1. The most abundant 2. A blue- green photosynthetic pigment in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria |
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What is chlorophyll b and carotenoids ? |
1. accessory pigments 2. Absorb and transfer light energy to chlorophyll a - chlorophyll b are yellow-green - carotenoids are red, orange, yellow |
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Which pigment is the most common? |
Chlorophyll a |
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Describe the parts of a chloroplast. |
1. DNA 2. Outer membrane 3. Inner membrane 4. Stroma: gelatinous fluid containing ribosomes, DNA, and enzymes 5. Ribosomes 6. Granum: a stack of 10-20 flattened thylakoid discs |
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What is the antenna complex? |
Captures light energy and funnels it to the reaction center of a thylakoid |
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What is complex made up of, and how does it work? |
1. It is made up of protein and chlorophyll molecules 2. , transfer light energy to one chlorophyll molecule at the reaction center of a photosystem. |
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Where is the antenna complex found? |
It is found in a photosystem which is in a thylakoid |
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What are the two main reactions in photosynthesis? |
1. Light reaction 2. Carbon reaction |
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What is light reaction? |
Convert solar energy to chemical energy through photophosphorylation |
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What is another name for the light reaction? |
The "photo-" part of photosynthesis |
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What does light reaction require? |
It requires 1. H2o 2. Light |
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Where does the light reaction take place? |
The chloroplast's thylakoid membranes |
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Define carbon reaction. |
- also called Calvin cycle 1. Metabolic pathway that uses NADPH and ATP 2. assembles co2 molecules into three carbon carbohydrate molecules |
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What is the end products and by products of the light reactions? |
End product: ATP NADPH by products: O2 |
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What does the calvin cycle reaction require? |
ADP CO2 NADPH |
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Where does the Carbon reaction take place? |
Occurs in the chloroplast's stroma |
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What is a photosystem? |
Clusters of photosynthetic pigments and proteins that participate in photosynthesis |
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What is the end products and byproducts of Calvin cycle reaction? |
Glucose |
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What are the 2 different photosystems of light dependent reactions? |
1. photosystem 1 2. Photosystem 2 |
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How does photosystem 1 work? |
? |
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How does photosystem to work? |
? |
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What wavelength of light is best absorbed in the reaction center of each of the photosystems? |
Ultraviolet |
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What is the pigment found in the wavelength of photosystem 1? |
P700 |
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What is the pigment found in the wavelength of photosystem 2? |
P680 |
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Why are the photosystems referred to as photophosphorylation? |
Because it is described as : - the process of photosynthesis, the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP using the energy of sunlight |
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What is the NADP+ for? |
It is reduced to NADPH which will reduce carbon dioxide in the carbon reactions |
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Where is ATP made in photosystem1 and 2? |
electron transport chain between the 2 photosystems |
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In the carbon reaction, where does the carbon come from to make sugars? |
Carbon comes from outside the cell and is diffused into the cell |
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How many times does the Calvin cycle are required to make one molecule of glucose? |
Glucose = 6 carbons So 6 carbons = 6 turns on the calvin cycle |
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Why does the Calvin cycle need ATP and NADPH? where do those products come from? |
Ned it to make glucose. It comes from the light dependent reactions |
