Bio 100 Compounds Of Life

Front 1

Name the compounds of life...

Back 1

carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
nucleic acids

Front 2

a large molecule formed by many small molecules

Back 2

polymer

Front 3

production of a compound by removing hydrogen and oxygen to form water

Back 3

dehydration synthesis

Front 4

the breaking apart of a compound by adding water

Back 4

hydrolysis

Front 5

Carbohydrates contain what elements?

Back 5

C,H,O

Front 6

Many simple sugars bonded together by dehydration synthesis

Back 6

polysaccharide
aka complex carbs

Front 7

name examples of monosaccharides aka simple sugars...

Back 7

glucose
fructose

Front 8

Name examples of polsaccharides aka complex carbs...

Back 8

glycogen
starch
cellulose

Front 9

stored glucose in animals

Back 9

glycogen

Front 10

stored glucose in plants

Back 10

starch

Front 11

polysaccharide found in cell walls which add bulk to digestive tract

Back 11

cellulose aka fiber

Front 12

glycogen is stored where in human body

Back 12

skeletal muscles and liver

Front 13

protein hormone made by pancreas which helps body take and absorb sugars

Back 13

insulin

Front 14

lipids are made of what elements?

Back 14

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Front 15

Name the two building blocks of lipids...

Back 15

glycerol and fatty acids

Front 16

Name examples of lipids...

Back 16

fats, oils, waxes, and steroids

Front 17

these lipids hold as many hydrogens as possible and contain only single bonds between carbons

Back 17

saturated fats

Front 18

these lipids do not hold as many hydrogens as possible and have at least one double bond

Back 18

unsaturated fats

Front 19

3 fatty acid chains attached to glycerol molecule

Back 19

triglyceride

Front 20

2 fatty acid chains attached to a glycerol molecule

Back 20

diglycerides

Front 21

1 fatty acid chain attached to glycerol molecule

Back 21

monoglyceride

Front 22

chemically altering unsaturated fats to become saturated fats by adding hydrogens across a double bond

Back 22

hydrogenated oils

Front 23

hydrogens on same side of double bond

Back 23

cis arrangement

Front 24

hydrogens on opposite sides of double bond

Back 24

trans arrangement

Front 25

unsaturated fats in which hydrogens are located on opposite sides of the double bond....may have links to causing cancer

Back 25

trans fatty acids

Front 26

fatty acids in which the double bonds occur after every 3rd carbon in the fatty acid chain

Back 26

omega-3 fatty acid

Front 27

classified as a steroid and requires a lipoprotein carrier in the blood

Back 27

cholesterol

Front 28

2 types of cholesterol

Back 28

HDL high density lipoprotein (good)
LDL low density lipoprotein (bad)

Front 29

faulty cell receptors for the uptake of LDL

Back 29

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)

Front 30

name the elements contained in proteins

Back 30

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur

Front 31

what are the subunit or building blocks of proteins called....

Back 31

amino acids

Front 32

How many different amino acids in human proteins?

Back 32

20

Front 33

these bonds join amino acids to form proteins...

Back 33

peptide bonds

Front 34

special proteins used to speed up chemical reactions

Back 34

enzymes

Front 35

theory of enzyme activity and function....

Back 35

lock and key theory

Front 36

what the enzyme connects to

Back 36

substrate

Front 37

site of connection between enzyme and substrate...

Back 37

active site

Front 38

name the elements contained in nucleic acids...

Back 38

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus

Front 39

molecule of heredity whose structure was discovered in 1953

Back 39

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid

Front 40

nucleic acid involved in protein production

Back 40

RNA ribonucleic acid