Bio 100 Chapter 21

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

the study of the structures making up an organisms body.

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

the study of the functions of each structure

Front 3

Cell

Back 3

smallest unit of life

Front 4

Tissues

Back 4

groups of similar cells working together

Front 5

Organ

Back 5

two or more tissues working together

Front 6

Homeostasis

Back 6

maintenance of a stable, internal environment

Front 7

Describe the organization of an animal body from the simplest to the most complex levels

Back 7

1. chemical: atoms. molecules & bonding

2. cells: smallest unit of life

3. Tissues: group of similar cells working together

4. Organ: two or more tissues working together

5. Organ Systems: organ teams working together to preform vital body functions

6. Organism: a living individual

Front 8

List the four main types of animal (human) tissues.

Back 8

Epithelial

Connective

Muscle

Nervous

Front 9

Epithelial: Location, Function & Structure

Back 9

Location: covering the body lining & organ & body cavities (skin)

Function: protective barrier

Structure: cells tightly packed in one or more layers

Front 10

Connective: Location, Function & Structure

Back 10

Location: throughout body, most abundant tissue

Function: binds tissues together & support organs

Structure: widely scattered cells in a mixture of extracellular materials (matrix)

Front 11

Connective

Back 11

CT=cells+protein fibers + ground substance

Front 12

Muscle: Location, Function & Structure

Back 12

Locations: depends on type

Function: move body/parts or material through body

Structure: long, cylindrical cells fairly close together

Front 13

Nervous: Location, Function & Structure

Back 13

Location: brain, spinal cord, nerves

Function: conduct electrical messages

Structure: large neurons(for conduction) & smaller (neuro) glial cells to aid the neurons

Front 14

11 Organ Systems

Back 14

1. Cardiovascular system

2. Respiratory system

3. Digestive system

4. Urinary system 5. Skeletal System

6. Muscular system 7. Integumentary system

8. Lymphatic system 9. Nervous system

10. Endocrine system

11. Reproductive system

Front 15

Cardi0vascular system function

Back 15

transport materials within the body

Front 16

Respiratory system function

Back 16

gas exchange of O2 and CO2

Front 17

Digestive system function

Back 17

breaks down food & absorbs nutrients

Front 18

Urinary system fuction:

Back 18

removes liquid wastes

Front 19

Skeletal system function:

Back 19

supports body, anchors muscles & protects internal organs

Front 20

Muscular system function:

Back 20

movement

Front 21

Integumentary system function:

Back 21

protects body and temperature control

Front 22

Lymphatic and Immune system:

Back 22

defends body

Front 23

Nervous system function:

Back 23

controls body function

Front 24

Endocrine system function:

Back 24

regulates body through hormones

Front 25

Reproductive system function:

Back 25

produce gametes and offsprings

Front 26

Homeostasis

Back 26

Maintenance of stable, internal environment

Importance: Survival depends on specific temperature & mixture of solutes

Front 27

What is set point?

Back 27

ideal value or range for optimal function

Front 28

5 Part Mechanism for performing homeostasis

Back 28

1. Stimulus

2. Receptor

3. Control Center

4. Effector

5. Response

Front 29

Body temperature - homeostatic mechanism

Back 29

1. Set point - Body temp near 37

2. Stimulus: body temp below set point

3.

4. Control center in brain activates warming

5. Response: 1)blood vessels constrict 2)person shivers 3) metabolic rate increase

6 Body temp rises