Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
1st law of thermodynamics
|
energy cannot be created/destroyed, only converted, if you started wiith it you end with it
|
|
|
2nd Law of thermodynamics
|
disorder (entropy) always increases
|
|
|
Energy flow through a system
|
chemical RXN=build or breaks bonds
Reactants -> products Exergonic gives up energy (heat) Endergonic requires energy input |
|
|
Building ATP/Energy (equation)
|
C6H12O6 + 6O2-> ATP + CO2 + 6H2O
|
|
|
moving energy around
|
electron carriers
ATP: most common, energy carrier molecule |
|
|
ATP
|
comes from glucose breakdown
highly unstable only within the cell, no transfer to other cels |
|
|
coupled reaction
|
Very common in cells
Exergonic provides energy for endergonic ATP from glucose breakdown "fires" protein synthesis in endergonic Need a carrier like ATP or electrons relatively slow |
|
|
Catalysts and Enzymes
|
Catalysts speed up RXN
enzymes (Biological catalysts) Lower activation energy speed up exer and endo rxn not used up; recyled |
|
|
lock key scenario for enzymes
|
very specific
some only act when ther is a coenzyme substrate contacts active site change in shape causes RXN substrate leaves enzyme |
|
|
Enzyme regulation: competitive
|
molecule blocks teh active site - won't work (TB bacterime and vaccine
|
|
|
Enzyme regulation non competitive
|
some other molecule binds to enzyme and distorts it so it is no longer useful
|
|
|
feedback inhibition:
|
end product of multi-enzyme RXN inhibits start of RXN
large amounts of ATP can block production of more ATP |
