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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organs |
-Mouth, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum, anus. |
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Balanced diet |
-Nutrients required for metabolism & repair of body. -Good nutrients are key factor in good health, bad nutrients make you sick . |
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Indigestion |
-Food taken through the mouth. |
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Mastication |
-Particles broken up when mixed with saliva. |
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Digestion |
-Most digestion occurs when enzymes act on the food to break it down. |
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Absorption |
-Products of digestion absorbed. |
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Egestion |
-Undigested material and waste form feceses. |
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The digestive tract |
-Oral cavity, salivary glands, swallowing, movement of food, mechanical digestion. |
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Oral cavity |
-Start of digestive system, includes cheeks, mouth, tongue and saliva glands. -Interior of oral cavity called nonkeratinized squamous epithelium. |
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Salivary glands |
-Located towards the rear of oral cavity and below the tongue. -Produce saliva, moistens food and contains enzyme called amylase that breaks down starch in sugars. |
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Swallowing |
-Features include swallowing and breathing (mouth and pharynx). -As swallowing begins, the epiglottis is lowered so food is directed down the oesophagus. |
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Movement of food |
-After moving into small intestines, chyme moved alone by peristalsis (a series of wave-like muscle contractions that moves). -Circular muscles contracts behind food and expands in the front, producing a travelling waste. |
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Mechanical digestion |
-Breaks food down into smaller parts using physical movements (chewing, cutting etc.). -Teeth grind food -> stomach mixes & churns ->intestines squeeze and move food. |
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Carbs in diet |
important for body -both energy and fibre. |
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Accessory organs |
These organs aren't part of the system but help it do its job: -liver -gallbladder -pancreas |
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Endocrine system in the digestive system |
-Liver removes hormones and prevents continued activity. -Pancreas contains cells that release hormones that help regulate blood sugar levels. -Hormones help regulate digestive secretions. |
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Livers role |
-Produces bile, stores nutrients, detox poison and waste. -Helps with digestion, produces heat, removes poisons, converts ammonia to urea, destroyed old red blood cells. -Responsible for processing nutrients. |
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Protein metabolism |
Most critical aspects of protein metabolism occurring in the liver are: -removal of ammonia -synthesis of non essential amino acids |
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Heat production |
Many reactions take place in the liver. These produce heat, as red blood cells flow through the liver they are warmed. Warm blood then redistributed to the body. |
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Food storage |
-The liver turns unwanted glucose into glycogen. -This is stored and can be turned into glucose when the body needs it. -Also stored nutrients, vitamins and minerals. |
