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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organs of the Urinary System |
Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra |
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Functions of the Urinary System |
-Excretion of metabolic wastes -Maintenance of water-salt balance -Maintenance of acid-base balance -Hormone secretion -Reabsorb filtered nutrients and synthesize vitamin D |
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How is urea made? |
Made by the breakdown of amino acids in liver |
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How is uric acid made? |
Made by the breakdown of nucleotides |
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How is creatine made? |
Made by the muscle cells from the breakdown of creatine phosphate |
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Favorable Blood pH? |
7.4 |
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Renin |
Secreted by the kidneys, cause adrenal glands to secrete aldosterone to help regulate water-salt balance |
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Erythropoietin (EPO) |
Secreted by the kidneys when blood oxygen is low, stimulates RBC production |
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What would not be filtered from the blood at the glomerulus? |
Protein |
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Function of erythropoietin? |
Stimulation of RBC production |
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What is found in the renal medulla? |
Loop of nephron Collecting ducts Peritubular capillaries |
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Process of urine formation |
Glomerular filtration Tubular reabsorption Tubular secretion |
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Uric acid is produced from the breakdown of amino acids |
False |
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Hemodialysis is done to reduce the effects of |
Uremia |
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Sodium is actively extruded from which part of the nephron? |
Ascending portion of loop of nephron |
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Collecting ducts |
Carry urine to the renal pelvis |
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Distal convoluted tubule |
Its cells have many mitochondria but lack microvilli, it is specialized for ion exchange |
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Glomerular capsule |
Site of a filtration process that produces a filtrate of the blood |
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Loop of nephron |
The U-turn in the proximal CT, allows water to diffuse into tissue surrounding the nephron and actively transports salt from its lumen to interstitial tissue |
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Proximal convoluted tubule |
Has microvilli, which increase the surface area for tubular reabsorption |
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Anatomy of Nephron |
Glomerulus Proximal Convoluted Tubule Loop of Nephron Distal Convoluted Tubule Collecting Ducts |
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Glomerulus |
A knot of capillaries inside the glomerular capsule where pores produce a blood filtrate |
