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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 categories of promoters?
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TATA box
CPG Islands Enhancers Promoter Proximal Element |
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Which promoter can be found far away from +1 site?
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enhancer
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Which promoter must be close to +1 site?
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promoter proximal element
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Which promoter can be found within an intron?
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enhancer
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which promoter is highly specific?
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TATA box
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If a gene is frequently transcribed, what type of promoter is typically associated with it?
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TATA box
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What is needed to get initiation started?
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a combination of promoters that associate with particular transcription factors
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how do we know the transcription factors that associate with promoters?
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- biochemical purification
- genetics (simple model organisms) |
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What does EMSA do?
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it's an assay that monitors DNA binding
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Describe DNAse footprinting
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-add a radio-labeled phosphate to one end of sequence containing promoter.
- DNAse cuts DNA randomly, producing every possible length of DNA - Areas where protein is bound, DNAse cannot cut. - These uncut areas are shown as an absence of bands |
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What would you use to map the position of protein binding to DNA?
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DNAse footprinting
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What would you use to monitor DNA binding?
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EMSA
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Basic rRNA processing
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1. 5' and 3' ends are cut by exonucleases
2. endoribonucleases cut into pieces & separated 3. necessary ribosome associated proteins added after appropriate nucleotide modifications 4. modified subunits are exported into cytoplasm |
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What are the nucleotide modifications that can occur?
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methylation of 2nd oxygen by snoRNAs
methylation of uridine to pseudouridylation by snoRNAs |
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Basic idea of tRNA processing
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1. 5' cleavage by RNase P
2. 3' end is trimmed 3. CCA addition at the trimmed 3' end 4. splicing 5. base modification |
