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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 3 components of DNA?
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base, sugar, phosphate group
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Ways to denature dna?
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heat, ions, pH, polar solvent
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How are nucleotides held together?
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phophodiester bonds
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What are the parts of a gene?
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coding region, transcribed non-coding regions, transcriptional control regions(promoter), splice sites, polyA sites
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Solitary genes:
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found once in the genome
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duplicated gene:
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multiple genes of close but not identical, there is gene drift (like homologous proteins) and Alu sites
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What is a satellite?
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20-100kbs near centromeres.
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microsatellites:
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1-13bp repeats, in tandem up to 150, can cause disease w/ expansion
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How do microsatellites expand?
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replication, backwards slippage
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2 types of transposons?
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dna, rna(retro)
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what does transposase do?
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blunt cut at specific sites in donor DNA
staggered cut in target DNA cellular DNA polymerase will fill in, 5' to 3' using the complementary strand, ligation |
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what does retrotransposition require?
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reverse transcriptase, integrase,
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What are lines?
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long interspersed elements, enable mobility
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what are SINEs?
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short interspersed elements (alu elements)
repeated elements that can hop around and shit |
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what is chromatin?
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dna, histones, and proteins
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what's a nucleosome?
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DNA wrapped around histones, h2a h2b h3 h4
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Which type of chromatin is open and which type is closed?
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Euchromatin is open, heterochromatin is closed
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which amino acids are involved in histone tail modification?
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lysine, arginine, lys-9 is special
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What's TF2D?
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bromodomain that binds to acetyl groups, recruit acetyl transferases
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what are scaffold proteins?
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brings linear DNA into very close proximity by looping
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