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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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canon
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a collection of writings that carries authority in a given religious community
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the Hebrew Bible
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combines pairs of books like 1 and 2 Samuel into one and the Twelve minor prophets into one
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the New Testament has how many books?
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twenty-seven
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Second Temple Judaism
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the forms of Judaism that existed from about 500 BC to 70 AD. This period begins when the temple in Jerusulem was rebuilt after it had benen destroyed by the Babylonians and ends with its destruction
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polytheism
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believing in multiple gods
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Judah
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second of the two Israelite nations
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exile
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when a large part of the population of Judah was forced to migrate to Babylon in 587 BC
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Pentateuch
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the first five books of the Bible
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Torah
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what the Pentateuch called in the Hebrew Bible
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Septuagint
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translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek that was completed near the end of the second century AD
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Vulgate
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Fifth-century translation of the Bible into Latin
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apostles
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the central authorities within the church
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Messiah
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literally "anointed one"; in Greek, Christos
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Marcion
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taught that the God of the Hebrew Bible was not the Father of Jesus Christ. He proposed that his edited version of Luke and ten edited letters of Paul serve as the canon for the church.
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Constantine
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adopted Christianity as the religion of the empire. He did NOT have a determinative role in the development of the canon.
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Muratorian Canon
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included all current books of the NT plus Wisdom of Solomon, the Apocalypse of Peter, and the Apocalypse of James.
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Athanasius
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bishop of Alexandria, first person to list as a group the books now found in the NT.
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Jerome
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Lived between 300 and 400 AD, creates the Vulgate Bible
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Council of Trent
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The counter-reformation council that declared it an article of faith that one accept the current twenty-seven NT books as canonical.
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Dead Sea Scrolls
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Include copies of at least part of the Hebrew test of every book in the Hebrew Bible except Esther. These copies were made just before and during the time of Jesus
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deuterocanonical
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Books included in the Roman Catholic canon, also known as the apocrypha
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Apocrypha
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the deuterocanonical books of the Roman Catholic Bible. Seven books.
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Babylon
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Located in today's Iraq, it was an empire which fell to the Persians.
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What are the Biblical languages?
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Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek
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Gnostics
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Held to a belief system from second century AD that incorporates mysticism and a radical rejection of the value of the material world. It seems to begin within Judaism and then quickly moves to Christianity.
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Huldah
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Was asked by King Josiah to verify that the Book of the Law found in the renovations of the temple was actually the word of God
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Josephus
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First-century Jewish historian who referred to the thirty-nine books of the Hebrew Bible as THE books of Scripture.
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New Testament
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The collection of twenty-seven writings that the church added to the Hebrew Scriptures to complete their canon.
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Old Testament
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A Christian designation for the Hebrew Bible
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