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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where is the extra cellular matrix secreted from? What does it contain? |
Secreted from tissues + contains fibrous proteins that may be structural or adhesive or proteoglycans, these are polysaccharides linked to protein |
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Types of cell junctions, functions and the proteins they contain... |
1)Adhesion junctions: anchor cells to one another or to the extra cellular matrix- contain cadherin proteins 2) Tight junctions: form a barrier that prevents movement of molecules from cell to cell- contain occluding proteins 3) Gap junctions: intercellular channels that allow molecules to pass from cell to cell contains connexion proteins which span two membranes, each channel is composed of 12 connexion proteins |
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What is connective tissue and what are the different types? |
The most diverse type of tissue: Fibrous: losse, dense, irregular and regular Supportive: cartilage, bone Fluid: blood lymph |
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What are the cells of cartilage and bone? |
Chondrocytes and osteocytes: these mature cells Chondroblasts and osteoblasts: responsible for cartilage and bone formation Osteoclasts: responsible for breakdown and remodelling of bone |
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What role do membrane proteins have? |
Structural Transporters Receptors Enzymes |
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What is the cause of cystic fibrosis? and what is the diagnosis? |
Homo reccsesive CFTR gene for chlorine transport protein Sweat test, pancreatic trypsin, idnetifactions of mutations in the DNA seqce of CTFR gene |
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What does the cytoskeleton contain? |
Microtubules: maintenance of cell shape, cell motility, cell division, organelle movements , Actin filaments: maintenance of cell shape, motility, contraction,division Intermediate filaments: maintain of cell shape, formation of nuclear lamina |
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What is the name of inherited muscle wasting disorders? Ant the causes of this muscle wasting... |
Muscle dystrophy DMD which is most common and targets ages 1-6 BMD which is rarer and effects people 12+ both are x linked disorders -Breakdown of a complex of cytoskeleton proteins, muscle fibres fracture and die muscle tissue is replaced by connective tissue included fat |
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Symptoms of CF |
Respiratory problems, obstruction of gut, pancreatic problems: not enough enzymes, reduced absorbrption of food leading to malnutrition, infertility |
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What are lysosomal storage diseases? |
Inherited diseases cause by mutations in genes encoding lysosomal enzymes or proteins responsible for delivering these enzymes to the lysosome cell, it dies when it accumulates with inactive enzymes |
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What is Gauchers disease, causes and symptoms? |
Most common LSD, deficiency in enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase, accumulation of lips in cells type 1= adult type 2 = infantile type 3 juvenile symptoms: spleen and liver enlargement,distension of the colon,recurrent pulmonary infections,recurrent pulmonary infections,anaemia,pain in body, limbs and joints,neurological abnormalities |
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Another type of LSD symptoms, causes.... |
Inclusion cell disease: recessive, deficiency of a phosphotrahsferase that is involved in directing proteins to the lysosome symptoms: poor development of bone, respiratory problems, hernias, respiratory insufficiency |
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What are protofilaments made from? And what can these form? |
Composed of the proteins, α- and β-tubulin, αβ-heterodimers join end-on-end to form a protofilament 13 protofilaments assemble to form a hollow cylinder with a diameter of ~25 nm |
