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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the main narrow spectrum penicillin?
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Penicillin G
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What are the two main broad spectrum penicillins?
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Amoxicillin
Ampicillin |
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What is the main augmented broad spectrum penicillin? Augmented antispeudomonal?
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Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid
Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid |
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What is the main antistaphylococcal penicillin? What is the main antipseudomonal penicillin? Main antienteric?
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Methacillin
Ticarcillin Mecillinam |
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What is the mechanism of action of penicillins?
What must the bacteria be doing for the penicillin to be effective? Are they effective against mainly G+ or G-? Why? |
Inhibit cell wall synthesis
Actively dividing G+ Greater amount of peptidoglycan in the cell wall |
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Are Beta lactams time or concentration dependent? Cidal or static? Excreted in the urine and milk?
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Time dependent
Cidal Yes |
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Where are penicillins distributed?
Do they cross the BBB? Who are the penicillins synergistic with? |
In interstitial fluid
No Aminoglycosides |
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In what order are penicillins effective against G- bacteria (by group)?
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Augmented broad spectrum > broad spectrum > narrow spectrum
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What do the Beta lactams have in common?
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All have beta lactam ring which makes them susceptible to beta lactamases produced by bacteria
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Augmented broad spectrum penicillins have improved resistance to what?
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Beta lactamases
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What are the two most important first generation cephlasporin? Second?
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Cefazolin, cephalexin
Cefoxitin, Cefuroxime |
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What are the five most important third generation cephlasporin? Fourth?
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Ceftiofur (Naxel), cefotaxime,
Cefpodoxime (Simplicef), Cefoperazone, ceftazadime (antipseudomonal) Cefepime |
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What generation of cephlasporins can cross the BBB?
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Third generation (depends on the species as to which one)
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Which generation cephlasporin is effective against Bacteroides fragillis? Which drug?
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Second
Cefoxatin |
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What is the main carbapenam? What type of bacteria does it work on?
Is this a first line antibiotics? Does it penetrate the BBB? |
Imipenem
G-, G+ anarobes, aerobes No Third Yes in meningitis |
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What is the main monobactam? What is it active against?
Is it absorbed orally? Can it cross the BBB? |
Azotrenam
G- aerobes No Yes |
