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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Benzodiazepines |
Potentiate GABA increase frequency of Cl channel opening Have no GABA mimetic effect Act through BZ receptors |
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BZ-1 receptor |
Mediate sedation |
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BZ-2 receptor |
mediate antianxiety and impairment of cognitive functions |
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Alprazolam |
Anxiety, panic, phobias |
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Diazepam |
Anxiety, preop sedation, muscle relaxation, withdrawal states |
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Lorazepam |
Anxiety, preop sedation, status epilepticus (IV) |
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Midazolam |
preop sedation, anesthesia IV |
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Temazepam |
Sleep disorders |
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Oxazepam |
Sleep disorders, anxiety |
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Pharmacokinetics |
Liver metabolites |
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Outside The Liver |
Oxazepam, Temazepam, and Lorazepam |
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Withdrawal signs of BZs |
Rebound insomnia Anxiety Seizures when BZs were used as antiepileptic or in high doses |
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Barbiturates |
Prolong GABA activity Increase duration of Cl channel opening Have GABA mimetic activity at high doses Have their own binding site at GABA-A complex |
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Phenobarbital |
Seizures |
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Withdrawal signs of Barbiturates and ethanol |
Anxiety Agitation Life-threatening seizures |
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Drugs interactions GABA-A |
Additive with other CNS depressants anesthetics antihistamines opiates B-blockers |
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Zolpidem and zaleplon |
BZ-1 receptor agonists Less effect on cognitive function (BZ-2) Overdose reversed by flumazenil Used in sleep disorders |
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Buspirone |
No effect on GABA 5-HT1A partial agonist Generalized anxiety disorders Takes 1 to 2 weeks for effects |
