Benign Bladder Pathology

Front 1

most common locatioin of endometriosis outside of uterus

Back 1

bladder, espec vesico-uterine pouch

Front 2

pathophys of endometriosis as it effects the bladder

Back 2

retrograde menstruation seeding of serosa of bladder

Front 3

appearance of endometrosis of the bladder on MR

Back 3

can be bright on T1 and fat sat if hemorrhagic
can enhance
if fibrotic, low on T1

Front 4

nephrogenic adenoma
who gets it

Back 4

non-neoplastic,reactive process from chrocic irritation (esp seen in repeat bxs).

Front 5

what layers of bladder are involved in nephrogenic adenoma

Back 5

urothelium and lamina proproia - does NOT extend into muscularis layer

Front 6

does nephrogenic adenoma have malignant potential

Back 6

NO

Front 7

literal meaning of malacoplakia

Back 7

"soft plaque"

Front 8

pathophys of malacoplakia

Back 8

chronioc granulomatous process, most often involves bladder >kidney, ureter

Front 9

what is malacoplakia associated with

Back 9

E coli infx, esp in DM and immunocomprised pts

Front 10

on pathology what is key finding of malacoplakia

Back 10

Michaelis Gutman bodies - partially digested bacteria that calcify

Front 11

where in bladder does malacoplakia arise

Back 11

submucosa

Front 12

how is malacoplakia dx made

Back 12

must be made by histo

Front 13

appearance of malacoplakia

Back 13

diffuse bladder wall thickening, can look very aggressive

Front 14

pathophys of cystitis cystica/glandularis

Back 14

metaplasia of urothelium 2/2 obx --> proliferation of urothelium into buds --> grows into lamina propria. buds differentiate into cysts or glandular tissue (usually both)

Front 15

layers of bladder involved in cystitis cystica/glandularis

Back 15

urothelium and lamina propria
muscularis layer remains intact (distinguishes from CA)

Front 16

what is cystitis cystica/glandularis associated with disease wise and findings-wise

Back 16

adenoCA
lipomatosis of the pelvis
pelvic exstrophy

Front 17

pathology of eosinophilic cystitis

Back 17

eosinophils within bladder wall, from chronic irritation/inflammation -->necrosis/fibrosis and decreased bladder volume

may also be assoc with hydronephrosis

Front 18

does pt have to have peripheral eosinophilia in eosinophilic cystitis

Back 18

no

Front 19

how to GU TB spread

Back 19

begins in upper tract and streads hematogenously to the rest of distal urinary tract

Front 20

fastest way to dx urinary tract TB

Back 20

PCR of urine

Front 21

what happens to bladder volume in bladder TB

Back 21

fibrosis --> contracted bladder

Front 22

where does GU schisto start

Back 22

in bladder (in contrast to TB), usually confined to bladder

Front 23

which species of schisto is seen in bladder

liver

Back 23

S. haemotobium

S. japonicum/S. mansuri

Front 24

pathophys of schisto in bladder

Back 24

eggs deposit into bladder wall incites a granulomatous response --> polypoid lesions --> fibrosis --> fibrosis predisposing factor for squamous carcinoma

Front 25

appearance of chronic schisto in bladder
bladder capacity?

Back 25

calcs of the bladder wall which may represent calicified eggs
decreased bladder capacity

Front 26

what isthe #1 cause of ileovesicular and ileocolvesicular fistulas

Back 26

crohn's disease

Front 27

#1 cause of colovescial fistula

Back 27

diverticular dz

Front 28

appeareance of bladder in crohn's and diverticular dz

Back 28

bladder wall thickening, tethering

Front 29

complication of cyclophosphamide

Back 29

severe hemorrhagic cystitis

Front 30

appearance of bladder in cyclophosphamide use

Back 30

shrunken bladder
+/- calcs in bladder wall
diffuse bladder wall thickening

Front 31

layers of bladder wall beginning at the lumen of the bladder

Back 31

urothelium
lamina propria
muscularis propria
adventitia

Front 32

acute bladder schisto

Back 32

nodular wall thickening +/- ureteral dilatation

Front 33

if a colovesicular fistula is seen on left, think:

on right:

Back 33

diverticulitis

crohn's

Front 34

when to consider dx of GU TB

Back 34

in pts with refractory cystitis, sterile pyuria

Front 35

US appearance of bladder TB

Back 35

irregular mucosal mass, diffuse wall thickening, trabeculatiosn

Front 36

Urography of bladder TB

Back 36

irreg mucosa, ureteral strx, fixed UVJ --> reflux

Front 37

appearance of acute schisto

Back 37

nodular wall thickening +/- ureteral dilatation

Front 38

ddx bladder wall thickening

Back 38

tumor (TCC, lymphoma)
cystitis
malacoplakia
outlet obx
neurogenic bladder

Front 39

bladder filling defect

Back 39

TCC
fungus ball
blood clot
calculus
extrinsic mass

Front 40

most common mets to bladder

Back 40

melanoma > stomach > breast
lymphoma

Front 41

bladder wall calcs

Back 41

"STRICT"

Schisto
TB
Radiation
Inetrstitial cystitis
Cyclophosphamide
TCC

Front 42

air in bladder

Back 42

instrumentation
fistula
emphysematous cystitis

Front 43

ddx teardrop bladder

Back 43

pelvic hematoma
LAD
pelvic lipomatosis
psoas hypertrophy

Front 44

inflammatory pseudotumor pathology

Back 44

non--neoplastic prolif of myofibroblastic spindle cells and inflammatory cells with myxoid component

Front 45

who gets inflammatory pseudotumor

Back 45

adults > kids
men > women

Front 46

t or f :
inflammatory pseudotumor can be seen in every organ of the body

Back 46

true

Front 47

appearance of inflammatory pseudotumor in the bladder

Back 47

single bladder mass
periph enhancement
hetero on T2 with central high signal surrounded by low signal peripherally