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165 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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G.V. Black
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Grand Old Man of Dentistry
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Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
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discovered potential of x-ray beam
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C. Edmund Kells
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employed the 1st dental assistant
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Pierre Fauchard
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Father of Modern Dentistry
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Horace Wells
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use of nitrous oxide for relief of dental pain
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Paul Revere
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1st forensic dentist
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Ida Gray-Rollins
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1st African American woman to earn a formal DDS degree
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Emeline Robert Jones
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1st women to establish a regular dental practice in the U.S.
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Malvina Cueria
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1st female dental assistant
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Irene Newman
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1st dental hygienist
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Lucy B. Hobbs-Taylor
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1st female graduate of a dental school
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Juliette A. Southard
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founded American Dental Assistant’s Association
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professional work habits
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• Courtesy and respect for patients and team members
• Attendance of work hours • Professional communication (grammar) • Team work • Problem solving |
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dental caries process
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• Acids in plague and saliva attach the tooth
• Calcium and phosphate and dissolved from the enamel (Demineralization) • Fluoride, calcium, and phosphate are re-deposited into the tooth (Remineralization) |
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Describe the clinical characteristics of gingivitis
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Red, swollen gingival tissues that bleed easily
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Identify the effects of methamphetamine use
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• “Meth Mouth” is the common term for the effects of methamphetamine use and results in rampant decay on the buccal surface and in the interproximal areas of the anterior teeth
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Bulimia
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severe wear on the lingual surface of the teeth caused by stomach acid from repeated vomiting
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Anorexia Nervosa
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the strength of the teeth and the health of the gingival tissues are reduced, because of the lack of calcium and other nutrients.
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Explain how diet and nutrition can affect oral conditions
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• Dental decay is directly linked to the presence of dietary sugars (sucrose) in the diet. Sucrose is highly cariogenic and can be found in many foods. A dental assistant needs to be able to recognize the pattern of decay and counsel with the patient on their nutritional choices.
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Analyze the six food areas of the food pyramid
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Grains, vegetables, fruits, oils, milk and meats/beans.
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Demonstrate good phone courtesy
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• Smile
• Don’t chew gum or eat • Speak directly into the receiver • Speak clearly and slowly • Answer promptly • Greet patient- identify yourself and the practice • Ask how you can help the caller |
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Identify the difference between verbal and nonverbal communications
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• Verbal- words spoken
• Non-verbal- body language |
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Dentist
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Oral healthcare provider licensed to practice dentistry
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Dental Hygienist
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Licensed oral healthcare professional who provides preventive, therapeutic, and educational services.
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Dental Assistant
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Oral healthcare professional trained to provide supportive procedures to the dentist and to patients.
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Administrative Assistant
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Primarily responsible for the smooth and efficient operation of the business office.
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Dental Laboratory Technician
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Professional who performs dental laboratory services such as fabricating crowns, bridges, and dentures, as specified by the dentist’s written prescription. Most frequently trained on the job as an apprentice.
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Endodontics
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Dental specialty that diagnoses and treats diseases of the pulp.
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Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology
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Dental specialty that deals with the diagnosis of disease through various forms of imaging, including x-ray films (radiographs).
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Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
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Dental surgical specialty that diagnoses and treats conditions of the mouth, face, upper jaw, and associated areas.
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Oral Pathology
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Dental specialty that diagnoses and treats diseases of the oral structures.
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Orthodontics
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Specialty within dentistry that focuses on preventing, intercepting, and correcting skeletal and dental problems.
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Pediatric Dentistry
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Dental specialty concerned with neonatal through adolescent patients as well as patients with special need in these age groups
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Periodontics
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Dental specialty involved with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the supporting tissues.
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Prosthodontics
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Dental specialty that provides restoration and replacement of natural teeth.
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Professional appearance
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Uniform or scrubs should be clean, shoes in good shape, little to none jewelry, fingernails short and clean, no artificial nails and perfume
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Teamwork
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Together, Everyone Accomplishes More
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Attitude
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Patients, coworkers, and employees appreciate the dental assistant who has a good attitude.
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Dedication
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must be dedicated to dental practice, patients, and the profession of dental assisting
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Responsibility and initiative
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arrive on time, stay the full shift, be a cooperative team member and do not ask to leave early.
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Confidentiality
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everything that is said or done in the dental office must remain confidential.
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Personal qualities
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demonstrate sensitivity to the patients needs, show empathy, and say “the right thing at the right time” and be sincere.
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Identify professional work habits
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• Courtesy and respect for patients and team members
• Attendance of work hours • Professional communication (grammar) • Team work • Problem solving |
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Explain patient confidentiality (HIPAA)
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• Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act is a set of federal privacy laws. These laws apply t all types of healthcare providers regarding methods that must be taken to ensure that patient privacy is protected while health information is shared among healthcare providers.
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Dental Operatory (treatment area)
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that actual dental treatment provided to the patient takes place in the dental treatment area. This is the part of the dental office is the control center of the clinical area in the dental practice.
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Reception Area
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where the patients wait to be treated.
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Administration/Business Area
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hub for the management or business side of the practice. This area includes a desk, a storage area for patient records and business materials, phone systems, computers, a photocopier, calculators and fax machines.
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Sterilization Area
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place where instruments are maintained, cleaned, sterilized, and store in preparation for use.
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Dental Laboratory
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organized around workbenches and wall-mounted storage cabinets. Procedures done here such as pouring impressions, preparing diagnostic models and creating custom impression trays are performed.
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Dentist’s Private Office
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dentist maintains a private office for his or her personal use. That office can be used for a consultation room or an additional area may be set up for this person
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Consultation Room
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where the dentist discusses diagnoses and treatment plans with patients.
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Dental Staff Lounge
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specific area in the dental office designated for the use of the clinical and business staff during breaks or lunchtime.
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Operator Stool
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the operator can be the dentist, dental hygienist, or the dental assistant, depending on the dental procedure. This person requires a stool that can support the body for a prolonged period of fixed muscular activity.
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Assistant Stool
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the assistant’s stool must provide stability, mobility, and comfort and must allow the assistant with the proper fatigue-reducing posture.
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Dental Chair
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the dental chair is to provide the patient comfort.
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Operating Light
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used to illuminate the oral cavity during a procedure.
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Air water syringe
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attached to the dental unit and is a necessity for every procedure. Provides a stream of water, stream of air, or a combination of air and water.
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Oral evacuation system
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water is commonly used throughout a dental procedure you must have some means to remove it.
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Curing light
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wandlike attached that is used to “harden or cure” light-sensitive dental materials.
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Amalgamator
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electrical machine that is used to triturate, or mechanically mix, dental materials by vigorously shaking the capsule that holds the ingredients.
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Rheostat (foot control)
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dental handpieces are attached to a specific hose in the dental unit. The dentist or operator will use the rheostat to operate and control the speed of the handpieces.
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X-ray systems
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used to see bone and underlying tissues not visible to human eye.
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Morning routine
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arrive 30 minutes before scheduled patient. Turn on master switches. Ensure treatment room is ready for patient care, recheck the appointment schedule, set up treatment room for first patient.
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Evening routine
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goal is to leave the office ready for patient care in the morning. Complete operatory room exposure control cleanup and preparation protocols. Turn off equipment. Stoke treatment area. Check appointment schedules. Make sure treatment rooms are ready for use. Place solid PPE in appropriate containers.
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Ethics
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moral standards of conduct; rules or principles that govern proper conduct.
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Laws
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minimum standards of behavior established by statutes for a population or profession
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Ethical responsibilities
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to “do no harm”, promotion of well-being, regard for justice, veracity, confidentiality, privacy and continuing education.
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Discuss the role of the dental assistant in recognizing and reporting domestic violence, neglect and child abuse.
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• Dentists, dental hygienists, and dental assistants may be the first to recognize signs of abuse and may be instrumental in enhancing the victim’s chances of obtaining assistance. Look for signs of abuse and then report to dentist
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Outline the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention guidelines and identify components of a written exposure control plan.
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• The CDC is not a regulatory agency. Its role is to issue specific recommendations that are based on sound scientific evidence for health-related matters. Written exposure control plan should be reviewed and updated at least annually.
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Identify standards of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act/HIPPA and discuss the need to protect the patient’s privacy.
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Central concern of HIPAA is the careful use and disclosure of protected health information and verbal communication
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Explain the purpose of state dental practice act and how it applies to the role of the dental assistant.
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• The state dental practice act is to protect the public from incompetent dental health care providers in each state. It is important to have a clear understanding of the law in your state that relates to dental assisting and the practice of dentistry.
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Outline the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention guidelines and identify components of a written exposure control plan.
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• The CDC is not a regulatory agency. Its role is to issue specific recommendations that are based on sound scientific evidence for health-related matters. Written exposure control plan should be reviewed and updated at least annually.
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OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, training requirements, employee medical requirements, and exposure protocol.
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• Training requirements- dentist/employer should provide training in infection control procedures and safety issues to all personnel who may come in contact with blood, saliva, or contaminated instruments or surfaces.
• Employee medical records- the dentist must keep a confidential medical recorded for each employee. The employer must store these records in a locked file for the duration of employment plus 30 years. • Exposure protocol- wash hands, wear PPE, and report any contact to contaminated material |
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Chain of infection
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susceptible host – numbers –– virolence - port of entry
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Identify standards of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act/HIPPA and discuss the need to protect the patient’s privacy.
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Central concern of HIPAA is the careful use and disclosure of protected health information and verbal communication
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Modes of transmission
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o Blood, saliva, or other body fluids from an infected patient;
o Contaminated objects (instruments, equipment, environmental surfaces) or contaminated hands of dental healthcare personnel if hand hygiene is not performed before touching another patient; o Spray/droplets of contaminated body fluid generated by dental procedures or by coughing or sneezing; and o Inhalation of airborne organisms. |
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Explain the purpose of state dental practice act and how it applies to the role of the dental assistant.
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• The state dental practice act is to protect the public from incompetent dental health care providers in each state. It is important to have a clear understanding of the law in your state that relates to dental assisting and the practice of dentistry.
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Outline standards for prevention of disease transmission
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• Prevent cross contamination
• Maintain aseptic conditions |
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Outline the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention guidelines and identify components of a written exposure control plan.
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• The CDC is not a regulatory agency. Its role is to issue specific recommendations that are based on sound scientific evidence for health-related matters. Written exposure control plan should be reviewed and updated at least annually.
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Biohazard bag
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blood soaked materials
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OSHA Bloodborne Pathogen Standard, training requirements, employee medical requirements, and exposure protocol.
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• Training requirements- dentist/employer should provide training in infection control procedures and safety issues to all personnel who may come in contact with blood, saliva, or contaminated instruments or surfaces.
• Employee medical records- the dentist must keep a confidential medical recorded for each employee. The employer must store these records in a locked file for the duration of employment plus 30 years. • Exposure protocol- wash hands, wear PPE, and report any contact to contaminated material |
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Sharps container
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anything that can puncture a bag
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Chain of infection
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susceptible host – numbers –– virolence - port of entry
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Outline the dental caries process
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• Acids in plague and saliva attach the tooth
• Calcium and phosphate and dissolved from the enamel (Demineralization) • Fluoride, calcium, and phosphate are re-deposited into the tooth (Remineralization) |
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Modes of transmission
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o Blood, saliva, or other body fluids from an infected patient;
o Contaminated objects (instruments, equipment, environmental surfaces) or contaminated hands of dental healthcare personnel if hand hygiene is not performed before touching another patient; o Spray/droplets of contaminated body fluid generated by dental procedures or by coughing or sneezing; and o Inhalation of airborne organisms. |
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Outline standards for prevention of disease transmission
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• Prevent cross contamination
• Maintain aseptic conditions |
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Biohazard bag
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blood soaked materials
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Sharps container
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anything that can puncture a bag
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Outline the dental caries process
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• Acids in plague and saliva attach the tooth
• Calcium and phosphate and dissolved from the enamel (Demineralization) • Fluoride, calcium, and phosphate are re-deposited into the tooth (Remineralization) |
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Describe the clinical characteristics of gingivitis
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Red, swollen gingival tissues that bleed easily
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Oral cancer
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one of the 10 most frequently occurring cancers in the world. Site most affected is the vermilion border of the lip which usually is a white, black, or red lesion.
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Candidiasis (thrush
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superficial infection caused by a yeastlike fungus
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Cellulitis
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inflammation of cellular or connective tissue.
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Fissured tongue
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variation of normal its cause is unknown. Top of the tongue appears to have deep fissures or grooves.
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Geographic tongue
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surface of the tongue loses areas of filiform papillae irregularly shaped patterns.
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Glossitis
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inflammation of the tongue
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Herpes
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ulcer-like lesion
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Maxillary sinus
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largest of the paranasal sinuses, and is pyramidal in shape
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Salivary glands and ducts
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produces saliva
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Maxilla
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upper jaw
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Mandible
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lower jaw
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TMJ
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temporomandibular joint, joint on each side of the head that allows for movement of the mandible.
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Incisive papilla
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pear-shaped pad of tissue that covers the incisive foramen
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Rugae
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Hard palate immediately behind the upper anterior teeth
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Uvula
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pear-shaped projection at the end of the soft palate
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Frenulums
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band of tissue that passes from the facial oral mucosa at the midline of the arch to the midline of the inner surface of the lip.
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Soft palate
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movable posterior third of the plate.
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Hard palate
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separates the nasal cavity above from the oral cavity below
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Tongue
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a muscular hydrostat on the floors of the mouths of most vertebrates which manipulates food for mastication.
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Supernumerary
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development of one or more extra teeth
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Enamel dysplasia
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faulty development of enamel from interference involving ameloblasts
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Cleft palate
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results when the palatal shelves fail to fuse with the primary palate.
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Cleft lip
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results when the maxillary and medial nasal processes fail to fuse
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Tongue-tied
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congenital oral anomaly which may decrease mobility of the tongue tip[1] and is caused by an unusually short, thick lingual frenulum, a membrane connecting the underside of the tongue to the floor of the mouth
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Andontia
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absence of single or multiple teeth
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Microdontia
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abnormally small teeth
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Macrodontia
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abnormally large teeth
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Identify the effects of methamphetamine use
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• “Meth Mouth” is the common term for the effects of methamphetamine use and results in rampant decay on the buccal surface and in the interproximal areas of the anterior teeth.
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Bulimia
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severe wear on the lingual surface of the teeth caused by stomach acid from repeated vomiting
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Anorexia Nervosa
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the strength of the teeth and the health of the gingival tissues are reduced, because of the lack of calcium and other nutrients.
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Nutrition counseling
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dietary counseling extends beyond the narrow scope of limiting sugar consumption
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Patient education
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education, motivates patients, provides them with information, and assists them in developing the skills necessary to practice good oral hygiene
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Plague control
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daily removal of bacterial plaque from the teeth and adjacent oral tissues
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Fluoride therapy
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includes professionally applied fluorides, at-home fluoride therapy and the consumption of fluoridated community water
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Dental check-ups
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sealants are most frequently applied to difficult-to-clean osslusal surfaces of the teeth. Decay-causing bacteria are then prevented from reaching into occlusial pits.
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Toothbrushes
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come in many styles of head size, tuft shape and angle and the shape of the handle. Dental professionals recommend soft-bristle brushes.
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Dental floss-tape
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removes bacterial plaque and thus reduces interproximal bleeding
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Interdental aids
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special devices are recommended as aids for cleaning between teeth with large or open interdental spaces and under fixed bridges. Things such as, end-tuft brushes, bridge threaders, automatic flossers, and perio-aid
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Toothpastes
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ones containing fluoride is the primary source of topical fluoride.
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Mouth rinses
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ones that contain fluoride may be recommended as an additional source of topical source of topical fluoride for high-risk patients
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Tooth brushing methods
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modified Bass. 45 degrees, circular motion
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Flossing
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scrap up and down and sides of teeth
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Disclosing tablets
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marks where the plaque is
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Explain how diet and nutrition can affect oral conditions
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• Dental decay is directly linked to the presence of dietary sugars (sucrose) in the diet. Sucrose is highly cariogenic and can be found in many foods. A dental assistant needs to be able to recognize the pattern of decay and counsel with the patient on their nutritional choices.
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Analyze the six food areas of the food pyramid
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Grains, vegetables, fruits, oils, milk and meats/beans.
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Demonstrate good phone courtesy
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• Smile
• Don’t chew gum or eat • Speak directly into the receiver • Speak clearly and slowly • Answer promptly • Greet patient- identify yourself and the practice • Ask how you can help the caller |
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Verbal communication
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words spoken
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Non-verbal communication
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body language
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Guidelines for scheduling, units of time
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10,15, or 30 minutes intervals
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Confirmation of appointments
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day before appointment
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Re-call appointment
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calling patient for their 6 month appointment
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Registration form
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contains information related to patient’s demographics and financial responsibility such as patient information, insurance information, responsible party, and signature and date.
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Medical-dental health history form
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divided into medical and dental history that needs to be signed and dated at the bottom
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Clinical examination form
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most detailed document in patient record. This form provides the dental team with past, present, and future examination date, analysis, and charting needs to the patient
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Process note form
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where treatment is recorded with date, tooth number and treatment.
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Alphabetic filling system
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all items are filed in straight (A-B-C) order in accordance with the basic rules of indexing. By far the easiest and most commonly used.
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Numeric filling system
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each patient record or document is assigned a number. In straight order numerical filing, all items are in strict 1-2-3 order
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Cross-reference filing system
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each item is listed in alphabetic order by name along with its document number
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Chronologic filing system
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divided into months and may be further subdivided into days of the month.
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Computerized practice management systems and manual bookkeeping practices
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regardless of the system used, the basic understanding and guidelines are the same. The appointment book format must be selected, the days must be outlined, and patients must be scheduled efficiently to ensure the best possible use of time.
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Assignment of benefits
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patient authorizes payment of the dental benefits directly to the provider.
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Carrier
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the insurance company that pays the claims and collects premiums.
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Co-insurance
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a provision of a dental benefits program by which the beneficiary shares in the cost of covered services, generally on a percentage basis.
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Deductible
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specific amount that is insured must pay toward the cost of dental treatment before the benefits of the plan go into effect.
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Dependent
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child or spouse of the subscriber.
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Eligibility
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the process of determining whether the patient is eligible for benefit.
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Maximum
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the maximum dollar amount a benefits plan will pay toward the cost of dental care over a specified period of time.
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Provider
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the dentist who provides the treatment to the patient
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Subscriber
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also known as the insured, this is the person who represents the family unit in relation to the dental plan.
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Symptom
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what a patient tells you regarding how they feel
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Sign
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what you observe in a patient
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Common emergencies
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o Airway obstruction/ choking
o Syncope/fainting o Postural hypotension o Angina/chest pain o Acute myocardial infarction/heart attack o Stroke/CVA o Hyperventilation o Asthma attack o Allergic reaction o Seizure o Diabetic conditions Diabetic shock Hyperglycemia Hypoglycemia |
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Basic Tray Setup
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mirror, explorer, and cotton pliers
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pulp is comprised of
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blood and nerves
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autoclave running cycles
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heat, pressurize, sterlize depressurize, drys and desterlize
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