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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Cell Cycle |
Series of events that happen in a cell while it grows and divides. |
Ex. Blood cells |
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Mitosis |
Cell division that has two daughter cells. |
Ex. Reproduction of skin |
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Interphase |
Resting phase between the Mitotic division of the cell. |
Ex. Part of cell cycle that includes, G1, S G2 |
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G1/G0 |
Synthesis of macromolecules. |
Ex. Resting phase |
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S |
Period of cell cycle prior to mitosis. |
Ex. DNA replication |
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G2 |
Synthesis of macromolecules. |
Ex. Growth and preparation for cell division |
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M |
Where a single cell divides into two cells. |
Ex. Mitosis phase |
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Restriction Point |
Cell becomes committed to the cell cycle. |
Ex. Extra cellular proliferation stimulants aren't needed |
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Cytokinesis |
The cytoplasm dividing at the end of mitosis or meiosis. |
Ex. Cytoplasm following the nucleus |
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Daughter Cell |
Genetically identical to parent cell. |
Ex. Having same genes as parent |
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Nucleotide Base Pairing |
Form between specific nucleobases. |
Ex. Adenine and Thymine |
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Hydrogen Bond |
A weak bond between two molecules. |
Ex. Ortho nitro phenol |
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Antiparallel |
Parallel but moving in opposite directions. |
Ex. Adenine and Thymin |
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DNA Polymerase |
Enzyme responsible for forming new copies of DNA. |
Ex. Forms new copies of DNA |
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Semi conservative Replication |
Produces two copies on new strand and one of the same strand. |
Ex. Produces DNA |
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Histone |
Any basic proteins found in a chromatin. |
Ex. Located in chromatin |
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Chromosome |
Threadlike structure of Nucleic acids. |
Ex. 23 pairs of chromosomes |
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Chromatin |
Material of which the chromosomes of other organisms are composed of. |
Ex. Bacteria is not composed of this |
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Mutation |
Changing of the structure of a gene. |
Ex. Changes to the base pair sequence |
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Mutagen |
An agent |
Ex. Radiation |
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Excision Repair |
A small region around the damage is removed from the DNA. |
Ex. Repairing of the DNA |
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Leading Strand/Lagging Strand |
Strand that is synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction. |
Ex. Actually synthesized 5, to 3, direction |
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Sister Chromatids |
Pieces of identical DNA. |
Ex. Important for cell replication and division |
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Centromere |
The point on a chromosome that is attached to a spindle fiber in cell division. |
Ex. Point where sister chromatids touch |
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Aneuploid |
Having certain genes present in extra or fewer copies. |
Ex. More or less than needed |
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Prophase |
First stage of cell division. |
Ex chromosomes condense and become visible |
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Metaphase |
Second stage of cell division. |
Ex. Duplicated chromosomes line up |
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Anaphase |
Stage of meiosis or Mitotic cell division. |
Ex. Chromosomes move to opposite ends |
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Telophase |
Final phase of cell division. |
Ex. Daughter cells group together |
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Centrioles |
Cylindrical organelle near the middle of animal cells. |
Ex. Composed of proteins |
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Mitotic Spindle Fibers |
Form a protein that divides genetic material in a cell. |
Ex. Form at opposite sides of cell |
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Spindle Poles |
Micro tubule center in yeast cells. |
Ex. Located in yeast cells |
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Kinetochore |
Point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division |
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Cyclins |
Any number of proteins associated with cycle of cell division. |
Ex. Proteins in cell divion |
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Kinases |
Enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP. |
Ex. Makes ADP |
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Cell-Cycle Arrest |
The stopping of the cell cycle. |
Ex. Caused by DNA damage |
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Cancer |
Disease caused by uncontrolled division of abnormal cells. |
Ex. Lung cancer |
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Checkpoints |
Barrier of manned entrance. |
Ex. Stops in the cell cycle |
