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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A stimulus is ...
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A physical energy change capable of affecting an organism through one of its receptors.
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A discriminative stimulus is ...
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A stimulus in the presence of which a given response has a history of being reinforced
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Reinforcement is ...
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A stimulus following a response, which increases the likelihood of that response occuring in the future under similar conditions.
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Punishment is ...
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A stimulus following a response, which decreases the likelihood of that response occurring in the future under similar conditions
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Controlling variable
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An environmental event, most commonly a discriminative stimulus, that controls or determines the likelihood that a given response will be emitted.
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Skinner defines verbal behaviour as ...
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behaviour that is reinforced through the mediation of another person (who has been specifically trained to provide such reinforcement)
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Mediated reinforcement is ...
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a stimulus change that occurs after a response has been emitted, increases the future probability of that response, and results from the action of another individual. (key is that reinforcement comes from actions of another).
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What are the three necessary conditions for verbal behaviour according to Skinner?
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a) It is established and maintained by reinforcement (ie. it is operant). b) That the reinforcement is mediated by another person
c) The other persons action that resuts in the reinforcement must have been specifically trained in order to reinforce speakers. |
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Mediated reinforcement has the following three features ...
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a) it occurs after a response has been emitted
b) it increases the future probability of that response c) it results from the action of another individual |
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The three controlling variables for verbal behaviour are ...
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a) verbal discriminative stimuli
b) non-verbal discriminative stimuli c) establishing operations |
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An example of a verbal discriminative stimuli would be ...
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any mand
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An example of a non-verbal discriminative stimuli would be ...
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a flame
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A example of an establishing operation would be ...
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being hungry, being in a negative mood, ...
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An establishing operation is ...
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an environmental event or operation that momentarily increases the reinforcing effectiveness of a reinforcer.
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The most common forms of establishing operations are ...
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a) deprivation (e.g. hunger) b) aversive stimulation (e.g. a headache) c) acquiring something that will allow the organism to make a response that will be reinforced (e.g. if someone says they will give you $10 for a sketch, this increases reinforcement value of a pencil).
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The symbol for a discriminative stimulus is ...
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Sd
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The difference between a discriminative stimulus and an establishing operation is that ...
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the former determines whether or not you will get the reinforcer, the latter determines how reinforcing it is.
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a response product is ...
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the result of someone's behaviour
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Point to point correspondence is where ...
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the stimulus and response have at least two components and the first component of the Sd controls the first component of the response and so on.
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Saying alligator when you see an alligator is an example of ...
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thematic control (but not formal control)
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independent ___
The Federal Reserve Board is supposed to be independent __ political considerations. |
independent FROM
The Federal Reserve Board is supposed to be independent from political considerations. |
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What are the two key features of language that RFT can help explain
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symbolism and generativity
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