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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of behaviorism?
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Behaviorism is the belief that all of our mental and physical states are just behaviors.
How Is My Mind Connected To My Body? |
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Who are some philosophers that believe in behaviorism?
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Wilfred Sellars, Gilbert Ryle, B.F. Skinner, Ludwig Wittgenstein, W. V. Quine, Carl Hempel.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/ |
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What is a feature of behaviorism?
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Behaviorism, or more specifically logical behaviorism, is an idea that was thought of by Gilbert Ryle. He believes that mental states are not mental states at all, but behavioral tendencies. For example, we think of a belief as a mental condition that a person has. Instead, we are characterizing the person in terms of what he or she might do in particular situations or environmental interactions. If John believes it is going to rain then he will take an umbrella with him when he leaves home.
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/behaviorism/ |
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What is another feature of behaviorism?
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Another type of behaviorism is psychological behaviorism. It purports to explain human and animal behavior in terms of external physical stimuli, responses, learning histories, and (for certain types of behavior) reinforcements. To illustrate, consider a food-deprived rat in an experimental chamber. If a particular movement, such as pressing a lever when a light is on, is followed by the presentation of food, then the likelihood of the rat's pressing the lever when hungry, again, and the light is on, is increased. Such presentations are reinforcements, such lights are (discriminative) stimuli, such lever pressings are responses, and such trials or associations are learning histories.
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What are problems with behaviorism?
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The biggest problem with behaviorism is the commitment to the thesis that behavior can be explained without reference to non-behavioral mental (cognitive, representational, or interpretative) activity. Another problem is that many behaviorist experiments are done with animals, and that it is hard to apply behaviors with animals to the much more complex behaviors of humans.
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