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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Steps of Scientific Method
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1-Identify a problem/question
2-Formulate a hypothesis 3-Collect Data (Through Experiment/Observation) 4-Analyse data/ Draw Conclusions |
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Hypothesis
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Educated Guess
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subject
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person/animal/thing being studied
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variable
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any factor that is capable of changing during and experiment
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independent variable
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the variable that is chnaged during an experiment
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dependent variable
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the variable that changes as a result of the independent variable
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constant
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stays constant/unchanged, treated like experimental group except independent variable not applied
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control group
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the subjects that are just like the experimental group but not given independent variable
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experimental group
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a group of subjects that is exposed to the independent variable
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population
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a group from which the subjects are chosen
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random sampling
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every member of a population has a chance
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selection bias
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lack of representation in the sample
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experimenter bias
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behave in a manner that influences the subject
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animal studies: advantages
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risk factors: injury/death
control from infancy, diet, brain implants complete control |
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animal studies: disadvantages
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feedback (verbal)
might have a different affect on humans than animals |
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research setting: laboratory
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control the setting, while keeping "real-world setting"....you realize you're in an experiment (truthful?), limited in study, unnatural enviroment
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natural onservation
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(observe behavior in a real world setting and make no effort to manipulate or control the situation)
-time restrictions/ you might not find what you're looking for -location might affect results -researcher's opinion may alter results |
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Descriptive (method)
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intends to provide an accurate portrayal of behaviors (statistics, leads to further research)
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correlational method
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the goal is to describe the strengths of relationship between 2 or more factors/characteristics/variables
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experimental (method)
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involves experimentation, cause and effect
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Bandura Experiment
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dependent variable: children
independent variable: reward/punishment 2 experimental groups, 1 control |
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operational definition
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-a definition of behavior in terms of observable features
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interview
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a method in which questions are asked directly to an individual to find out about the person's experience and attitude
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disadvantages to interview
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social desirability: most socially accepted response and desirable, but not what you feel
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open-ended questions
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unstructured
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close-ended
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structured,
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questionnare (survey)-
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similiar to an interview except respondants read a question and write down answers
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