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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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in the news
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Do babies feel the beat? Is musicality, perception of rhythm innate? -Findings: can detect complex rhythm when dropped downbeat, violation of sensory expectation increased excitation when downbeat yes: beat recognition at birth important for language acquisition
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Classified by the direction that they send information
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Sensory: (afferent) sends information from sensory receptors toward the CNS
Motor: (efferent) sends information away from the CNS to the muscles or glands. Interneurons: send information between sensory and motor neurons “Afferent and Efferent are confusing because they both sound the SAME” SAME: Sensory = Afferent / Motor = Efferent |
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Communication within a Neuron – axoplasmic transport
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A cellular process responsible for movement of substances from the cell body through axon to terminals
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Microtubules
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-the cytoskeletal “tracks” used for transportation
-Fast transport - 50-400mm/day - vesicles Slow transport - 8mm/day - proteins |
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Fast transport/ slow transport
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-50-400mm/day - vesicles
-8mm/day - proteins |
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Anterograde
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cell body to terminals
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Kinesin
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(legs/carries vescles)
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Retrograde
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terminals to cell body
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Dynein
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Transport waste products
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Colchicine
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stops axonal transport
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Microtubules form cytoskeleton
Different kinds of transport: same rate of speed but different times of stops Fast: most information we have is about fast Florescent dye: watch transport move down neurons Synaptic vesicles Slow Proteins Has a lot of stops Local subway train Anterograde/retrograde: forwards/backwards Colchicine: also inflammatory response |
no answer
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Astrocyte
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-provides support for neurons
provides nutrients regulates the chemical composition of the extracellular fluid -Take glucose out of blood Converts to lactate (usable for neurons) Also turns into glucagon (later use) Reuptake (takes back neurotransmiters) |
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Oligodendrocyte
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myelin sheath
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Microglia
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-Immune defense
-Remove waste products from extra cellular space |
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Giant Axon of the Squid
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Up to 1 mm in diameter
hundreds of times larger than our axons Controls water jet propulsion to escape perceived predators Information travels faster in larger axon- giant axon evolved to speed escape response |
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Electophysiology
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Measure voltage inside and outside of the cell
Measure changes in the current across membrane Resting -80, -60 is called resting potential Voltage inside cell goes up Outside cell goes down Voltage inside cell goes down Outside cell voltage goes up |
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Depolarization
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change in current to approach positive (0)
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Hyperpolarization
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change in the current to approach normal resting potential again but overshoots and becomes a little more negative
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