Behavioral Med Basic Science

Front 1

How many NREM stages are there?

Back 1

4

Front 2

What are the deepest stages of NREM sleep?

Back 2

3 and 4

Front 3

REM makes up ___ of sleep time

Back 3

¼

Front 4

REM sleep and dreaming are triggered by ___

Back 4

the pons

Front 5

What is acronym for sleep history? What does it stand for?

Back 5

BEARS. Bedtime, excessive daytime sleepiness, awakenings, regularity and duration of sleep, snoring

Front 6

What is determined in temporal lobe?

Back 6

Auditory and olfactory. Visual assosications (processing of what goes on in occipital lobe)

Front 7

What is parietal lobe responsible for?

Back 7

visual attention. touch perception. Manipulation of objects

Front 8

What is function of medulla?

Back 8

Centers for cough, gag, swallow, and vomit. Cardiac Center. Respiratory Center.

Front 9

What is function of pons?

Back 9

Arousal. Assists in Controlling Autonomic Functions. Relays Sensory Information Between the Cerebrum and Cerebellum. Sleep

Front 10

Damage to cerebello-pontine structures would result in impaired _____

Back 10

coordination of movement and/or posture

Front 11

Where is substancia nigra found?

Back 11

Midbrain

Front 12

What is function of thalamus?

Back 12

It relays to the cerebral cortex information received from diverse brain regions– the 'last pit stop' for information going to cortex

Front 13

What is role of hypothalmu (3)?

Back 13

1) many regulating functions including the autonomic nervous system, emotions and behavior, body temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep-waking cycles 2) Controls the release of hormones under its control: growth, prolactin, thyroid, corticotropin, and gonadotropins 3) Regulation of sex hormones, blood pressure, body temperature, water balance, respiration, and food intake,

Front 14

What is shaped like a seahorse?

Back 14

Hippocampus

Front 15

What is function of hippocampus?

Back 15

Stores, processes and retrieves memories . Affects emotions. Main relay station that determines whether a new memory should go into long-term storage or be deleted after its short-term usefulness is over

Front 16

What are functions of basal ganglia?

Back 16

Controls voluntary movements and establishing postures. Controls voluntary limb movement, eye movement, and cognition.

Front 17

Disorders of movement may be mediated through ___

Back 17

basal ganglia

Front 18

What is a neurotransmitter?

Back 18

released by terminal buttons of neurons and detected by receptors in the membrane of another cell a short distance away.

Front 19

What is a neuromodulator?

Back 19

released in large amounts from the terminal buttons, but diffused throughout part of the brain, affecting many neurons

Front 20

What is a hormone?

Back 20

produced by endocrine glands, released into extracellular fluid and from there into the bloodstream. Stimulate cell receptors on membrane surface or deep within nuclei of cells, including neurons

Front 21

What are pheromones?

Back 21

chemicals released into the environment through sweat, urine, or secretions of special glands. Most receptors in nose of other animals, but may also be detected in skin or other organs

Front 22

What is ALWAYS the first signaler on efferent pathways to the peripheral nervous system?

Back 22

Acetlcholine

Front 23

What is Made from the amino acid tyrosine?

Back 23

Catacholamines

Front 24

What are the catacholamines?

Back 24

Dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine

Front 25

What destroys catacholamines?

Back 25

MOA

Front 26

What is made from Tryptophan?

Back 26

Serotonin

Front 27

Serotonin is ___ in muscle pathways, ___ in sensory pathways

Back 27

excitatory. inhibitory

Front 28

Opoids, unlike other transmitters, _________

Back 28

these are made in the cell body, put into vesicles, and transported all the way down the axon for release.

Front 29

What is the Physiologic Component of anxiety and panic?

Back 29

Excessive Autonomic Discharge

Front 30

To treat panic-____

Back 30

benzodiazepines

Front 31

For chronic prevention of panic and anxiety_____

Back 31

SSRI’s or Tricyclics

Front 32

For systemic symptoms of panic and anxiety ____

Back 32

Beta Blockers

Front 33

The structural abnormalities believed to be linked to bipolar disorder are ____

Back 33

amygdala, basal ganglia, and prefrontal cortex.

Front 34

Unmedicated bipolar patients have ___ amygdalas

Back 34

smaller

Front 35

The extreme ‘mood swings’ in bipolar disorder have been strongly associated with ___

Back 35

disruptions in circadian rhythms

Front 36

Lithium blocks ___ enzyme

Back 36

GSK3

Front 37

If you have too much of __ your circadian cycles are all screwed up

Back 37

GSK3

Front 38

___ makes GSK3 enzyme

Back 38

CLOCK gene

Front 39

schitzophrenia is associated with ___

Back 39

SNPs

Front 40

what is Neuregulin?

Back 40

A growth hormone releasing factor.Its absence may predispose to schizophrenia.

Front 41

What genes might cause schizophrenia?

Back 41

12 and 8

Front 42

One theory says – schizophrenia caused by an overactive ___ system

Back 42

dopamine

Front 43

Many drugs for schizophrenia work by blocking ___ receptors

Back 43

dopamine

Front 44

As part of the reward pathway, ____ is manufactured in nerve cell bodies located within the ___ and is released in the ___.

Back 44

Dopamine. ventral tegmental area (VTA). nucleus accumbens and the prefrontal cortex.

Front 45

The motor functions of dopamine are linked to a separate pathway, with cell bodies in the ___

Back 45

substantia nigra.

Front 46

CT scans of schizophrenic patients feature ___

Back 46

larger than normal lateral ventricles

Front 47

Typical schizophrenia meds – block ___ receptors, help symptoms

Back 47

dopamine. positive

Front 48

Typical Atypicals schrizophrenia meds – block___; help with ___

Back 48

serotonin and dopamine. Helps with pos and neg symptoms