Behavioral Chapter 2: School Age And Adolescence

Front 1

what years make up "school age"

Back 1

7 to 11

Front 2

what is the concept of industry vs inferiority?

Back 2

defined by erikson to describe oppurtunity to develop skills through hard work at the age of 7-11 that can result in a lifelong sense of confidence

Front 3

what is the concept of concrete operations? when do most children grasp it?

Back 3

children develop the ability to reason and that objects can have multiple properties (ie red and metal)

occurs by age 7

Front 4

what is the concept of conservation (of substance, liquids, area)

Back 4

substance- 6-7y

liquids - 6-7y

area- 9-10y

ex: transfering water from a tall skinny pitcher to a short wide one does not change the quantity of water

Front 5

what is the latency period

Back 5

time of sexual quaiescence seen in 7-11 year olds

Front 6

how is morality exhibited by school age children

Back 6

first seen around 6-7 years. At first the concept of right and wrong in all areas is very important with more flexibility as they get older.

older child may cheat in monopoly, younger child more likely to be strictly adherent to the rules

Front 7

when do children begin to understand the finality of death, understand that it could happen to them too and begin to fear it?

Back 7

around 6 understand death

around 9 fear their own death

Front 8

what is early middle and late adolescence

Back 8

early: 11-14

middle: 15-17

late: 18-20

Front 9

what happens to the white:gray ratio in the brain of adolescents

Back 9

increased white matter associated with increased myelination

Front 10

when is the normal onset of puberty for girls?

Back 10

10.5 with a range of 8 to 13.5 years

Front 11

when is the normal onset of puberty in boys?

Back 11

11.5 range is 9.5 to 13.5 years

Front 12

what is the usual age range for menarche in women

Back 12

11 to 14 years

Front 13

what is the usual age for first ejaculation in males

Back 13

12 to 15 years

Front 14

what is tanner staging?

Back 14

1-5 scale that rates sexual development in adolescents

Front 15

which adolescent group is most likely to engage in risk taking behavior?

Back 15

middle adolescents 15-17 year olds

Front 16

what is a more effective method to discussing risk taking behavior with adolescents

Back 16

in terms of short term benefits instead of long term consequences

Front 17

formal operations, identity crisis and role confusion is associated with which developmental phase?

Back 17

late adolescence (18-20)

Front 18

what is the average age of first intercourse?

Back 18

age 16

Front 19

what percentage of sexually active teenagers use contraceptives? why so low?

Back 19

less than half. they think they're special and different, (think they wont get STDs and pregnant, because they're dumb)

Front 20

what percentage of american girls become pregnant before age 20?

Back 20

1/3 (yikes!)

Front 21

what is a major reason that teens are less likely to seek prenatal care

Back 21

requirement of parental consent

Front 22

what are the 2 most common genetic causes of mental retardation

Back 22

Down syndrome and fragile x syndrome

Front 23

what is the IQ range for mild mental retardation

Back 23

50-69

Front 24

what is the IQ range for moderate mental retardation?

Back 24

35-49

Front 25

what is a receptive communication disorder?

Back 25

child cannot understand language (written, spoken, or both)

Front 26

what is an expressive communication disorder?

Back 26

child cannot express language or express language appropriately

Front 27

what are phonological and articulaton disorders?

Back 27

phonological- child misplaces/leaves out sounds

articulation - child cannot make proper motor movements for certian sounds (lisping)

Front 28

a child who specifically violates social norms ie: animal torture, stealing, violent has what disorder

Back 28

conduct disorder

Front 29

a child who is defiant resentful and noncompliant but does not grossly violate norms may have what disorder

Back 29

oppositional defiant disorder

Front 30

what disorder are motor and vocal tics associated with? when does this condition begin?

Back 30

tourrette's disorder

between age 7-8

More common in boys

Front 31

dysfunction in the caudate nucleus relating to dopamine is associated with what condition?

Back 31

tourettes

Front 32

what does one treat tourette's with?

Back 32

antipsychotic medication

haldol

risperidone

alpha agonists (clonidine, risperdal) - useful if there is associated symptoms of ADHD as well

Front 33

what is required for an ADHD diagnosis

Back 33

evidence of disorder before age 7

persistance of symptoms for at least 6 months

Front 34

What is required for an ADHD combined type diagnosis

Back 34

at least six symptoms of hyperactivity impulsitivity and inattention

Front 35

what is required for an ADHD inattentive type disorder

Back 35

at least 6 symptoms of inattention and less than 6 of HI

Front 36

what is required for a diagnosis of ADHD primarily hyperactive type?

Back 36

6+ symptoms of H-I and less than 6 of inattention

Front 37

how do CNS stimulants such as methylphenadate (ritilin) and dextroamphetamine sulfate (dexedrine) work

Back 37

treat ADHD by increasing dopamine in brain

Front 38

how do strattera and guanfacine work?

Back 38

treat ADHD by regulating levels of neural NE

Front 39

when is school phobia most often seen?

Back 39

it is a manifestation of seperation anxiety often seen at age of 7-8

Front 40

what is selective mutism. how do these children communicate

Back 40

some children (more often girls) cannot speak in some social situations and instead will whisper or use hand gestures

relatively rare. onset around 6 years poor prognosis if it remains beyond 10 years