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13 Cards in this Set

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A-B design
a research design consisting of a baseline and a treatment phase. This design is not a true experimental design because the treatment condition is not replicated. It is used mostly to document behavior change in clinical practice
A-B-A-B reversal design
a research design consisting of a baseline and treatment phase followed by withdrawal of treatment (the second baseline) and a second implementation of the treatment
Abscissa
the horizontal axis (x-axis) on a graph. Shows the units of time
Alternating-treatments design (ATD)
a research design in which baseline and treatment conditions (or two treatment conditions) are conducted in rapid succession, typically on alternating days or sessions. Baseline and treatment phases can be compared with each other within the same time period
Baseline
the condition or phase in which no treatment is implemented
Changing-criterion design
a research design in which a number of different criterion (goal) levels are set for the behavior during the treatment phase. When the behavior increases (or decreases) to the criterion level each time that the criterion changes, a functional relationship is established between the treatment and the target behavior.
Functional relationship
a relationship between a behavior and an environmental event (or events) in which the occurrence of the behavior is controlled by the occurrence of the environmental event. A functional relationship is demonstrated in a research design by manipulating the environmental event and showing that the behavior changes if and only if the environmental event occurs
Graph
a visual representation of the occurrence of behavior over time
Multiple-baseline-across-behaviors design
a research design in which there is a baseline and a treatment phase for two or more behaviors of the same person. The implementation of treatment is staggered across time for each of the behaviors. The same treatment is implemented for each behavior
Multiple-baseline-across-settings design
a research design in which there is a baseline and treatment phase for the same behavior of the same subject in two or more different settings. Treatment is staggered across time in each of the settings. The same treatment is used in each of the settings. The same treatment is used in each setting
Multiple-baseline-across-subjects design
a research design in which there is a baseline and treatment phase for two or more people exhibiting the same target behavior. The implementation of treatment is staggered across time for each subject. The same treatment is used with each subject
Ordinate
the vertical axis (y-axis) on a graph. Shows the level of the behavior
Research design
in behavior modification, a research design specifies the timing of the baseline and treatment phases for one or more people in an attempt to demonstrate a functional relationship between the treatment and the behavior