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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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who changed developmental theories to include adults?
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Erikson
said dvlpt is an ongoing process, continuous. change is constant, adjustment is ongoing |
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Physical Development
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Frontal Lobes 'finish hooking up'- an adult process
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Advances in physical state w/age
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1. CNS myelination- intellectual skills dvlop until age of 30, then decline
2. Body Comp- mass inc well into 20s (esp males) |
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Declines in physical fxn w/age
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may be related to practice and inactivity
start to decline in 20s DEC: sensory acuity, speed of activity, revovery time, aerobic capacity |
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continuity in terms of fxn
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at top: young/active
middle: young/inactive, old/active bottom: old/inactive |
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Attention and Orientation
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should remain sound throughout aging
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Working memory
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1. assoc/dependent on attention
2. is the amt of memory that you can hold, reorg, and use 3. stays stable with age 4. about 6-8sec |
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Immediate Memory
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1. briefly retained, then spit back out
2. about 30sec 3. test with word list |
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Types of Immediate Memory
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1. Free Recall- declines with age. declines at 40
2. Cued recall- given a hint, impt for older adults 3. Recognition- use the actual word. stays intact with age, even with Alzheimer's/dementia |
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Delayed Memory
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1.imformation given 5min prior cannot be recalled
2. Significantly impaired with dementia/alz |
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high-school/college educated misses 1 or 2 on MMSE
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get them examined. not a good thing
There is a RAPID decline in memory/cognition with educated people |
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Remote Memory
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1. things you have known for many years
-where you grew up, where married, etc 2. Retained with dementia/alz |
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Spatial problem solving
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1. perceptual org- young males are best, declines w/ age
2. Copying- dec sharp angles w/ age 3. Construction- may be related to dec in perceptual skills |
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Language
Fluency Spontaneous speech |
INC w/ age up to certain point
ability to come up with words. Inc w/ age holding a conversation. normal adults should be able to do this |
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Types of memory Retained with dementia and Alzheimer's
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1. Recognition
2. Remote delayed mem declines rapidly w/ these diseases |
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who changed developmental theories to include adults?
|
Erikson
said dvlpt is an ongoing process, continuous. change is constant, adjustment is ongoing |
|
|
Physical Development
|
Frontal Lobes 'finish hooking up'- an adult process
|
|
|
Advances in physical state w/age
|
1. CNS myelination- intellectual skills dvlop until age of 30, then decline
2. Body Comp- mass inc well into 20s (esp males) |
|
|
Declines in physical fxn w/age
|
may be related to practice and inactivity
start to decline in 20s DEC: sensory acuity, speed of activity, revovery time, aerobic capacity |
|
|
continuity in terms of fxn
|
at top: young/active
middle: young/inactive, old/active bottom: old/inactive |
|
|
Attention and Orientation
|
should remain sound throughout aging
|
|
|
Working memory
|
1. assoc/dependent on attention
2. is the amt of memory that you can hold, reorg, and use 3. stays stable with age 4. about 6-8sec |
|
|
Immediate Memory
|
1. briefly retained, then spit back out
2. about 30sec 3. test with word list |
|
|
Types of Immediate Memory
|
1. Free Recall- declines with age. declines at 40
2. Cued recall- given a hint, impt for older adults 3. Recognition- use the actual word. stays intact with age, even with Alzheimer's/dementia |
|
|
Delayed Memory
|
1.imformation given 5min prior cannot be recalled
2. Significantly impaired with dementia/alz |
|
|
high-school/college educated misses 1 or 2 on MMSE
|
get them examined. not a good thing
There is a RAPID decline in memory/cognition with educated people |
|
|
Remote Memory
|
1. things you have known for many years
-where you grew up, where married, etc 2. Retained with dementia/alz |
|
|
Spatial problem solving
|
1. perceptual org- young males are best, declines w/ age
2. Copying- dec sharp angles w/ age 3. Construction- may be related to dec in perceptual skills |
|
|
Language
Fluency Spontaneous speech |
INC w/ age up to certain point
ability to come up with words. Inc w/ age holding a conversation. normal adults should be able to do this |
|
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Types of memory Retained with dementia and Alzheimer's
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1. Recognition
2. Remote delayed mem declines rapidly w/ these diseases |
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Spontaneous speech
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talking, holding a conversation, or answering a question
changes with age in context that normal healthy adults tend to ramble,digress, and elaborate |
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Fluency
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a measure of how rapidly you can access words
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Executive Function
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number of different tasks in daily function
(4) Attention, Impulse control, abstraction, evaluation |
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Attention
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moderated by frontal lobes
damage to frontal lobes makes you distractible and disorganized |
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Impulse control
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controlled by frontal lobes
keep from performing certain actions Test: have a color spelled out but in a dfft color ink. ask them to say the color not the word |
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Abstraction
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form concepts, manipulate info into new uses
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evaluation
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monitor our own choices and behavior and consider the outcomes of our actions
Children do NOT have this capacity test by having them shift to a new rule |
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Motor tasks
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test by manipulating pegs into hold with both hands, one hand, opp hand
Motor slowing with age. improve with use |
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Frontal lobes control
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1. Impulse control
2. Attention |
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Visual Tracking task
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process slows down with age
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Perform the same across a lifespan
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Verbal Tasks
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Five Factors of Personality
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Operate on a continuum
do not change very much after 25 1. Neuroticism 2. Extraversion 3. openness 4. Agreeableness 5. conscientousness |
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neuroticism
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high score- edgy, irritable, in a hurry, not relaxed, not happy
-lots of people w/ chronic medical complaints low score- laid back, not worried too much |
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Extraversion
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high score- outgoing, involved, affectionate
low score- reserved, more reflective, and quiet |
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Openness
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interested in new things and the world, liberal
vs being ok with how things are, like your routines, doesnt want to change, conservative |
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agreeableness
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a measure of how easy you are to get along with
soft hearted, trusting, generous, lenient, good natured vs ruthlessness, suspiciousness, stinginess, antagonistic, irritability |
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Conscientousness
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need to have the ability to keep going thru hard times
hard working, well organized, punctual, ambitious vs negligent, lazy, quitter, late, aimless |
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myelination in early adulthood causes
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1. better judgement
2. better sense of who you are 3. better impulse control |
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Eriksonian Stages (in adulthood)
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1. intimacy v isolation
2. generativity v stagnation 3. ego integrity v despair |
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intimacy v isolation in adulthood
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dvlpt stable relationships
long lasting friendships meaningful emotional attachments sustained thruout life |
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generativity v stagnation
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classic midlife crisis
what are you going to do with your life |
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ego integ v despair
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think about what your life has been
can occur at multiple points earlier if you have a life threatening illness want to keep life meaningfull |
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factors influencing adjustment in adulthood
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abilities, traits, and attitudes
your outlook on life is impt ability to mourn |
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Key to successful aging
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keeping your allostatic load low
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Physiological markers of allostatic load
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Primary- urinary cortisol, adrenaline, and noradrenaline
low epi/NE is good, high DHEA-S is also good Secondary-conseq of primary markers wt, BP, waist:hip, chol, glycosylated Hb |
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Social Factors mediate biological processes
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QUALITY of relationship w/ significant other
other social resources staying active phys/socially continued employment |
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Psychological resources
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moderate biolog variables and
*Improve psych fxn with age 1. ability to cope w/ stress 2. positive attitude 3. interest in learning 4. lifestyle |
