Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
pirmary segment of beef production in floirda
|
cow calf production
|
|
|
states with most beef cows
|
1. texas:5.5 mill
2. Misourri: 2.1 mill 3. Oklahoma: 2.0 mill |
|
|
what is florida ranked in the beef cow world
|
12th with less than 1 million
|
|
|
what are calves sold as in the comercial cow calf industry
|
feeders or stockers
|
|
|
what do calves weigh when they are sold in the commercial cow-calf industry and what is their age?
|
400-600 ponds at 6 months of age
|
|
|
What are the production factors of importance in the commercial cow-calf indstry
|
1. % calf crop
2. produce calf every 365 days 3. weaning weight |
|
|
top three destinations for florida feeder calfs
|
Texas- 38%
oklahoma- 28 % kansas- 13 % |
|
|
growing program using forage
|
backgrounding
|
|
|
types of forage used in backgrounding
|
wheat and native grass
|
|
|
initial weight of calves undergoing backgrounding
|
400-600 pounds
|
|
|
how long do calves undergoing backgrounding graze on pasture for
|
100-200 days
|
|
|
how much do cattle gain per day during the grazing period
|
1-3 pounds per day
|
|
|
when are calves undergoing backgrounding sold to feedlots
|
700-900 pounds
|
|
|
what states are popular for the wheat pastures
|
texas; oklahoma; kansas
|
|
|
what areas are popular for their native grass
|
flint and osage hills
|
|
|
why are commercial feeders centralized around texas, nebraska, kansas, colorado, and oklahoma
|
1. dry climate
2.sparse population of people 3. feed availability |
|
|
what percent of cattle are fed by comercial feeders?
|
87%
|
|
|
how many head of cattle are fed per commercial feedlot
|
greater than 20,000 head
|
|
|
where are farmer feeders located
|
midwest
|
|
|
what do comercial feeders feed
|
home grown feedstuffs (corn)
|
|
|
number of head farmer feeders of the midwest have
|
less than 1000 head
|
|
|
What are the major cattle feeding areas
|
1. texas
2. kansas 3. nabraska 4. colorado 5. iowa |
|
|
what are the production factors of importance in the feedyard industry?
|
1. increase of average daily gain
2. feed conversion- 6:1 |
|
|
the product of the feedyard industry
|
finished cattle
|
|
|
important tool for genetic improvement
|
selection
|
|
|
to prevent some from reproducing and use others to become parents of many offspring
|
differential reproduction
|
|
|
what occures when there is a change in frequency in the population due to selection
|
there is an increased frequency of desirable genes and a decreased frequency of undesirable genes
|
|
|
what is selection based on?
|
phenotype
|
|
|
what is the formula for phenotype
|
phenotype= genetics + environment
|
|
|
proper-------of population will ---------- of population slowly------
|
proper selection of phenotypewill change genotype of population slowly over time
|
|
|
What are the traits of economic importance in selection?
|
1. reproduction
2. weaning weight 3. postweaning weight 4. feed efficiency 5. carcass merit 6. longevity 7.conformation 8. freedom from genetic defects |
|
|
the amount by which the average progeny of the animal is expected to exceed the average of the herd
|
expected progeny difference
|
|
|
theoretical average of expected progeny difference
|
0
|
|
|
best tool for genetic selection
|
EPD
|
|
|
what is the expected progeny difference used to compare
|
the genetic potential
|
|
|
two categories of cattle breeds
|
bos indicus and bos taurus
|
|
|
specific catagories of US beef breeds
|
1.british or english
2.exotic or continental 3.american ( bos indicus influenced) |
|
|
how much semen is produced by the bull
|
8-10 ml
|
|
|
about how many sperm are in a ml of bull semen
|
1 billion/ ml
|
|
|
how many cows can be inseminated using AI
|
100-500
|
|
|
How many cows can a bull naturally inseminate
|
30
|
|
|
selection tool used for reproductive management
|
scrotal circumference
|
|
|
what does scrotal circumference indicate
|
age at puberty and overall fertility
|
|
|
what are the signs of estrus
|
1 stand to be mounted
2 mucus smeared on the buttocks 3 nervous 4 seek the bull |
|
|
methods of estrus detection
|
visual observation and markers
|
|
|
how s visual observation of estrus detection performed
|
check twice daily in am and pm for 30-60 minutes
|
|
|
what are the different forms of markers used for estrus detection
|
k-mar patches
paint sticks chin ball markers heat watch |
