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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Some non-DoD publications that direct action within the Air Force are:
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"- Excecutive Orders
- Public Laws - Agencies of the Federal Government - National Institute of Standards and Technology Publications" |
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Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) affecting BEE Job:
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Title 10 Energy - Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Tittle 29 Labor - Protecting human health and welfare related to the workplace. Title 40 Environment Protection - Mainly Environmental Protection regulations. Title 49 Transportation - Transortation and Cargo Transportation." |
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"Secretary of Defense issues Policies for guidance and instructions to the DoD components to meet requirements through:
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DoD Directives - broad policy documents containing what is required by statue.
DoD Instruction - Implementsv the policy or prescribe the manner or a specific plan of action. DoD Manual - Implements r supplements DoD Directives and Instructions by providing uniform procedures." |
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Air Force Publications:
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the only approved way for issuing official Air Force poicy or guidance.
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AF Policy Directive:
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"are orders of the Secretary of the Air Force. They direct action, ensure compliance, and / or give detailed procedures to standardize actions Ar Force wide."
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AF Manuals (AFMAN):
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"Ussually are extensions fo Instructions, providing additional guidance for performing standard tasks, or supporting education and training programs."
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AF Pamphlets (AFPAM):
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"Are informational, ""how to"" publications, providing additional guidance for performing standard task, or supporting education and training."
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Supplements (AFSUP):
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are publications that extend or add material to publications issued by higher headquarters or agencies.
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Installation Publication:
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Installation commanders have the authority to issue installation publications that affect installation personnel.
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Operating Instructions (OI):
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"assigns responsibilities, direct actions and prescribes procedures within the subordinate function (i.e., staff office, a branch or a flight"
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"AirForce Occuaptional
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Safety and Health Standard (AFOSH Std)","AFOSH Std supplements regualtory agency standards. They are created only when Federal Standards do not exhist or do not covers a subject adequately"
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AF Instruction series that apply to BEE Job
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"10 Series - Operations
32 Series - Civil Engineering 40 Series - Medical Command 48 Series - Aerospace Medicine 90 Series - Special Management 91 Series - Safety" |
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Technical Orders (TO):
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are critical elements in the maintenance and operation of AF assets. Step by step procedures.
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T.O.'s BEE may need to review:
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"00-series - Methods and Procedures
11-series - Armament Equipment 14-series - Deceleration Devices Personal and Survival Equipment 33-series - Test Equipment" |
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Other Agencies Publications:
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"ACGIH - TLV's Book
AIHA NIOSH - NIOSH Pocket Book ANSI - publishes concensus standards of allowable concentrations for chemical and physical agents. US Army Public Health Command - Military Exposure Guidelines (MEG)" |
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Workplace:
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is an environment where a potential OEH exposure may occur.
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The types of Workplaces are:
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"- Administrative
- Industrial - All encompassing" |
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Process:
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"- item of work or situation that may pose a risk and may require evaluation and control
- the lowest level of work that may require evaluation to assess exposure and associated controls." |
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"Environmental Safety and Health (ESOH):
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,Aspects/activities focused on promotion of safety, protection of human health and protection and restoration of the environment.
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Occupational and Environmental Health (OEH):
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"All activities realted to prevention OEH-related illnesses for DoD personnel. Includes but not limited to: Industrial Hygiene, ergonomics, epidemiology, hearing conservation, radiation protection"
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OEH Hazards are:
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"any chemical, biological, or physical health hazard."
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Occupational and Environmental Exposure Limit (OEEL):
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limits of exposures to protect personnel from hazardous OEH exposures.
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OEH Related Ilness or Injury:
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A suspected or comfirmed adverse health event caused or aggravated by employment.
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Longitudinal Exposure Record (LER):
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A comprehensive record fo all occupational and environmental exposure for a full working lifetime; applies to all DoD personnel.
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OEH Hazards are:
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"Environmental factors or stressors that can cause illness, injury, or death like Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Physical.
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Chemical Hazards:
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"excessive airborne concentration of gases, vapors, or mists, or solids in the form of dust or fumes."
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Biological Hazards:
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are living organisms or properties of organisms that can cause and adverse response in humans.
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Radiological Hazards:
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"Recognizable forms of energy are radio and television waves, infrared from the sun, or x-rays for medical diagnostics.
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Radiological hazards can be found in:
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aircraft maintenance calibration laboratories, and communication facilities. Can also be produced by nuclear detonations and radiological diepersion devices."
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Physical Hazards:
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"this includes noise, temperature extremes, and ergonomics."
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Purpose of OEH Program
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is to portect health while enhancing combat and operational capabilities.
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OEH Process Assessment provides the frame work to:
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"Prioritize assessments efforts on operations posing the greatest risks.
Recommend and evaluate the effectiveness of control options designed to minimize OEH related exposure. Document OEH exposures to ensure an accurate LER is created and maintained for all USAF personnel. Ensure commanders comply with applicable Federal, State, Host-Nation, and local regulations, standards and requirements, as applicable." Process assesment uses the DoD Industrial Hygiene Exposure Assessment Model to prioritize assessment of workplace health hazards. |
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Routine Assessment:
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"are designed to be short-duration, sufficient enough to identify potential health hazards and associated risks, categorize the workplace, and identify the need for prioritize, and schedule in depth (special assessments."
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Periodic Assessments steps or requirements:
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"BE will identity : Potential OEH risks, Data required to characterize these risks, Additional evaluations needed to obtain the required data, Existing hazard controls, Compliance with OEH Program and regulatory requirements."
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Special Assessment
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is typically a quantitative assessment of OEH hazards that requires additional evaluation or classification.
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Special assessments principles are:
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"quantifying paotential exposures identified during routine assessments, Performing periodic control device evaluations (ventilation surveys), Evaluating unscheduled requests, Providing follow-up action on recommendations, Sustaining compliance with regulatory requirements (garrison only)."
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OEH Program is a Team Effort
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BEE, PH, Safety
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Bioenvironmental Engineering
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"evaluates continuing and planned processes to ensure that personnel are provided a safe and healthful work environment, BE's role is one of continual observation, evaluation and communication."
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BE's specific resposibilities within the OEH Program are:
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"- Communicating Risk
- Categorizing workplace - Identify Similar exposure group - Recommend OEH Hazards controls - Accomplishing OEH risk assessments - Investigating proposed process changes that could result in a new OEH hazards. - Investigating proposed process changes that could result in a new OEH hazards. - Assiting commanders and supervisors with managing OEH Hazards. - Evaluating risk related to environmental health issues that could result in adverse health outcomes. - Conducting OEHSA's - Ensuring ESOH-MIS listing of chemicals on site matches what BE finds on site. - Assessing and documenting OEH related illnesses identified by PH. - Providing Emergency Management incident response. - Providing consultation on OEH Program compliance. - Communicating exposure data to the Ocupational Environmental Health Working Group. - Serving os the OEH Program liaison to appropriate regulatory authorities e.g., OSHA as required." |
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Installation Occupational & Environmental Health Working Group (OEHWG)
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Is a council of OEH personnel that meets to discuss and provide technical advice on occupational and environmental health issues such as: workplace categorization, process assessment results, medical examination recommendations, and proposed occupational health education.
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Members of the OEHWG are:
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- Installation OEH medical consultant
- Bioenvironmental Engineering - Occupational Medicine - Public Health |
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Who else can participate of OEHWG meet ins?
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- Base Safety
- Health Promotions - civilian representatives - union representative |
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Public Health (PH)
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Works to reduce the incidence of communicable diseases and occupational illnesses. PH provides consultation to the OEHWG on medical examinations, training, requirements and risk communication.
Also manages the Fetal Protection Program. |
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Unit Commanders:
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ensure compliance with all OEH program requirements within their unit.
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Workplace Supervisor:
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- Implement controls to mitigate risk
- Ensure PPE is available and used and maintained correctly. - Inform BE if a change to workplace equipment or procedures may impact exposure to OEH hazards. - Ensure workplace personnel receives baseline and periodic OEH medical examinations. - conduct and document required OEH hazard training. |
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Employee will:
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- Comply with OEH program requirements, including training
- Report changes that may impact exposure to OEH hazards to the appropriate supervisor. - Actively participate in workplace health hazard identification - Report any occupational related exposure or health condition to supervisor and medical authority. |
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Safe Drinking Water Act
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the main federal law that ensures the quality of drinking water.
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Occupational Safety and Health Act
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was enacted to "assure safe and healthful working environment for working men and women".
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Types of OEELs
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- Regulatory
- Authoritative - Internal - Working |
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Regulatory OEELS
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enforced by regulatory agencies like EPA, OSHA, and Nuclear Regulatory Agency and are legally binding.
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Authoritative OEELS
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are those set and recommended by non-regulatory organizations such as the ACGIH, NIOSH and AIHA
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Internal OEELS
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those set by service organizations and support agencies such as USAPHC and USAFSAM to support surveillance of OEH hazards that are unique to military operations. (MEG's).
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Working OEELS
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are unofficial limits created in the course of performing an exposure assessment. Established when no other OEEL exist.
Working OEELS are based on whatever data is available and requires great deal of professional judgement. |
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OEELS Goal
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is to protect personnel from dangerous exposure to harmful OEH hazards that may be present in the occupational and ambient environment.
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Considerations when using OEELS
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- are not interchangeable
- varies form hazard to hazard - may not protect all people in all cases. Because individual susceptivity. - may need to be adjusted. Are designed to protect workers over a working lifetime, 8 hours,5 days, 40 years. - are developed with a target population in mind, depending on the program. |
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OEELS Uses
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- Guides in good IH practices
- Control Decisions, used to design engineering controls - Substitution - Medical Surveillance, is an important part of determining whether occupational exams are performed or not. |
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OEELS Misuses
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- Comparing Toxicity, is not possible to compare of OEH hazards based on OEELS.
- Prove of disease Causation |
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IAW AFMAN 48-155, Occupational and Environmental Health Exposure Controls
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an OEEL is the most appropriate limit adopted from established recognized standards including, but not limited to, AFI's, AFOSH Std's, and civilian agencies. BE determines the most appropriate OEEL using.
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Health Threat
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potential or actual condition that can cause short or long term injury, illness, or death.
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Health Risk
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is an IDENTIFIED health threat TOGETHER with the VULNERABILITY of the population at risk of coming into CONTACT with the health threat.
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Health Risk Assessment (HRA)
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is the process of identifying and analyzing or evaluating OEH threats in a group or at a location over time.
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Health Risk Estimate (HRE)
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is an estimate of the probability and severity of loss from exposure to the health threat.
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Health Risk Management (HRM)
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is a decision making process to evaluate and select Courses of Action (COA), minimize OEH risks, and maximize benefits for operation and missions.
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Exposure Assessment
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is a process of estimating or calculating potential expire of a health threat for an individual or population at risk
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Toxicological Assessment
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estimates the human toxicological impact of a specific material.
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ORM
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The fundamental goal is of risk management is to enhance mission effectiveness at all levels while preserving assets and safeguarding health and welfare.
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ORM Principles
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Accept no unnecessary risk.
Make risk decisions at the appropriate level. Accept risk when benefits outweigh the cost. Integrate ORM into the Air Force doctrine and planning at all levels. |
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ORM Steps
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1. ID Hazards
2. Assess the risk. 3. Analyze risk controls 4. Make Control Decisions 5. Implement Risk Control 6. Supervise and Review |
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ORM Benefits
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* Fewer Mishaps
* Additional resources due to decrease attrition rates * Increase combat effectiveness |
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ORM Benefits translate into:
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* Reduction in serious injuries and fatalities
* Reduction in material and property damages * Effective mission accomplishment * Reduction in the need for "Crisis Management" |
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HRA Goal
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is to provide the commander with concise course of action (COA) that clearly articulates potential impacts and recommendations to maximize operations and minimize health threats.
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Hazard Identification
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consist of determining what specific threats are associated with the area of operation and whether a potential or existing exposure poses a health risk to personnel.
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Health Threats
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* CBRN agents and materials
* TIC/TIM * Physical Hazards (heat stress, noise) * Animals and Plants |
