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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Light microscope
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light passes through one or more lenses to produce an enlarged image of specimen.
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Electron microscope
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forms an image of a specimen using a beam of electrons rather that light.
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Magnification
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the quality of making an image appear larger than its actual size.
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Resolution
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a measure of the clarity of an image.
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Cell theory
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1. all living things are made of one or more cells. 2. cells are the basic units of structure and function in organisms. 3. All cells arise from existing cells.
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Cell membrane
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an outer boundary of a cell
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Cytoplasm
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the cell interior; enclosed by the cell membrane.
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Cytoskeleton
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a system of microscopic fibers.
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Ribosome
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the cellular structures on which proteins are made.
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Scanning tunneling microscope
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uses a needle-like probe to measure differences in voltage caused by electrons that leak, or tunnel, from the surface of the object being viewed.
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Prokaryote
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: a single-celled organism that lakes a nucleus and other internal compartments.
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Cell wall
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surrounds the cell membrane and provides structure and support. (only in prokaryotic cells)
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Flagellum
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long, threadlike structures that protrude from the cell's surface and enable movement.
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Eukaryote
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an organism whose cells have a nucleus.
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Nucleus
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an internal compartment that houses the cell's DNA.
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Organelle
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a structure that carries out specific activities in the cell.
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Cilium
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short hairlike structures that protrude from the surface of some eukaryotic cells.
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Phospholipid
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a lipid made of a phosphate group and two fatty acids.
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Lipid bilayer
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phopholipids that are arranged in a double layer
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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an extensive system of internal membranes that move proteins and other substances through the cell.
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Vesicle
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a small, membrane-bound sac that transports substances in cells.
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Golgi apparatus
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a set of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that serves as the packaging and distribution center of the cell.
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Lysosome
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small, spherical organelles that contain the cell's digestive enzymes.
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Mitochondrion
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an organelle that harvests energy from organic compounds to make ATP, the main energy currency of cells.
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Chloroplast
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organelles that use light energy to make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water.
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Central vacuole
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stores water and my contain many substances, including ions, nutrients and wastes.
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