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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How are fat stores accessed |
Epinephrine and glucagon released intiate fat catabolism through GPCR signaling on adipose cells |
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Explain the GPCR signalling for fat catabolism |
epinephrine/glucagon binds, cAMP activated PKA, which then phosphorylates HSL which allows for catabolism of TAG into Glycerol and 3 FA chains FA then transported out of the adipose cell via albumin |
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how does caffeine work |
inhibits phosphodiesterase, an enzyme responsible for degradation of cAMP prolongs the GPCR pathway |
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What happens to Fa in the cytosol |
FA's must be activated to trap in cell Done by Acyl CoA Synthestase forms Acyl CoA |
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Explain the acyl CoA Synthetase rxn |
converts FA chain and CoA to Acyl CoA and traps FA in cell happens in cytoplasm Couples 2 rxns (ATP --> AMP +PPi) and (FA + CoA --> Acyl CoA) hydrolization of PPi drives rxn forward Rxn needs 2 ATP b/c 1 is used to regenerate ADP from AMP |
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How are FA's brought into the matrix |
Carnitine shuttle |
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Explain the carnitine shuttle |
Carnitine acyl-transferase I converts carnitine and acyl CoA to Acyl Carnitine Translocase brings into matrix and pumps carnitine out (passively) Caritine acyltransferase II reforms acyl coa and carnitine from acyl carnitine and CoA |
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Explain the carnitine acyl-transferase rxn |
enzyme adds acyl to hydroxyl on carnitine to form an ester bond |
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What does B-oxidation require |
1 H2O and 1 CoA |
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What does B-oxidation generate |
1 NADH and 1 FADH2 |
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What are the 4 steps of B-oxidation |
1) Acyl CoA DH: Produces FADH2 and creates a dbl bond in the FA chain 2) Hydratase: Adds water across the dbl bond 3) Dehydrogenase: Produces NADH and creates keto group in chain 4) Thiolase: Uses CoA to realsease Acetyl Coa from B-Keto acid; produces Fatty acyl CoA chain w/ 2 fewer carbons |
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How many ATP and H20 do you get from complete oxidation of 16:0 CoA |
108 ATP 123 Water |
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What trasnports FA in the bloodstream |
albumin |
