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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what pathways does LPS endotoxin activate
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Macs - IL1, TNF, NO - fever and vasodilation
Alternate compliment path - c5a and c31 - histamine - decrease BP and exudation hangmen factor - Factor 12 - intrinsic path - DIC |
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how does the botulinum toxin work?
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does not allow cleavage of ACh vesicle so docking does not occur - decrease in parasymp pathways, decrease in sympathetic sweating, and decrease in NMJ
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how does pertussis toxin work?
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Inhibit Gi to increase cAMP.
this leads to inhibition of ciliary movement - epithelial death in respiratory and causes a lymphocytosis |
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what do heat stabile toxins and heat labile toxins do
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heat stable - activate guanylate cyclase to increase cGMP - blocks ion movement from lumen into cells - draws h20 out.
Heat labile - stimulates adenylate cyclase to increase cAMP - secretion of chloride and h20 |
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most common cause of nursing home pneumonia
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kebsiella
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causes of neonatal bacterial meningitis
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strep agalact. , e. coli, listeria monocytogenes
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most common cause of bacterial meningitis in child and young adult
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neisseria meningitidis
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which strains of E. coli are bloody and which are not
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Watery - ETEC - traveler
EAEC - and EPEC bloody - EHEC, including 0157H7, and EIEC |
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what bug and toxin are responsible for scalded skin syndrome
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exfoliatin toxin of Staph A
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what causes impetigo, what does it look like?
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honey crusted lesions on hands and face.
strep pyogenes |
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what is M protein responsible for in strep pyo?
what causes the rash of scarlet fever? what are the differences between Streptolysin O and S lastly what causes necrotizing fasciitis from this bug? |
M protein interferes with phagocytosis
rash = erythrogenic toxin - super antigen O= antigenic, and inactivated by O2 S - non immunogenic - not activated by O2 and not clinically significant Exotoxin B |
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what do we grow Neisseria on?
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thayer martin chocolate agar(has abx in it)
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what is water house-friedrichsen syndrome?
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adrenal hemorrhage due to infection of Neisseria meningitidis.
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what is fitz-hugh-curtis syndrome?
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untreated PID (either GC or CL)
RUQ pain, fever, violin sting adhesions |
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what happens when a birthing mother has GC in her cooch? or her pooch for that matter?
TX? |
possible infection of baby's eye, Opthalmio neonatorum
tx with erythromycin ointment on silver nitrate drops to eyes. |
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px has a Painless skin ulcer with a black crust
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this is an ESCHAR, not the crazy mind bending illusions, but the cutaneous anthrax infection
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px comes in with dry cough and mediastinal widening
tx? |
think anthrax
treat immediately with ciprofloxacin or doxycycline |
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When i say loeffler, what do you think?
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1. the growing medium for Diptheria
2. Loeffler's syndrome - eosinophilic restrictive cardiomyopathy with endomyocardial fibrosis |
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when i say actin rockets, what do you think?
where can one contract this dz |
Listeria monocytogenes, this is how they move between human cells.
get this from Unpasteurized dairy, undercooked processed deli meats, undercooked chicken |
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what does lactobacillus do
and what is good thing about it? |
causes dental caries
produces lactic acid that protects GI and vagina to other pathogens. |
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what are the 5 parts of TTP
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Thrombocytopenia
intravascular hemolytic anemia renal failure - proteinuria, hematuria Neuro changes fever |
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what is Hemolytic uremic syndrome?
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usually affects children, who have been infected with EHEC O157H7
causes acute hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure WITH uremia. |
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what anti convulsant drugs can cause SJS
what is their MOA |
felbamate and lamotrigene -
felbamate blocks NMDA Lamotrigine blocks AMPA both decrease excitatory effects of glatmic acid |
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what is misoprostol used for
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protect GI lining when treating with NSAIDS
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what is dinoprostol used for
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to ripen the cervix and promote uterine contractions
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what is latonoprost? moa and use
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PGF2 alpha analog - used to decrease intraocular pressure in glaucoma
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what is the penis dz when your urethra is on the top of your penis
what is this associated with? |
epispadias associated with bladder extrophy
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what dz can we get from salt water seafood. what medium do they grow in?
fresh water? |
vibro vulnificus and parahemolyticus
alkaline pseudomonas |
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in what dz do we see eospinophilic inclusion bodies in neurons
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negri bodies - rabies
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DOC for acute closed angle glaucoma
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acetazolamide and other osmotic diuretics (glycerol, mannitol, urea)
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what is one thing you always forget about cystic fibrosis??
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INFERTILITY due to absent vas defernes
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what drugs do we use for glaucoma and how does each class work
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M agonist - increase drainage through canal of schlemm. PILOCARPINE AND ECHOTHIOPHATE
BBs - to decrease humor production - timolol acetazolamide |
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what is the DOC for bipolar disorder
MOA? and Major AEs |
Lithium
prevents recycling of IP3 by decreasing PIP2 - decrease cAMP very narrow thx index HYPOTHYROIDISM with goiter and NEPHROGENIC diabetes insipius also a teratogen - epstein anomaly - malformed tricuspid valve |
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what is the CFTR channel gated by?
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ATP
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what kind of drugs can cause acute closed angle glaucoma
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M blockers or other anticholingeric drugs
dont forget amitryptaline and diphenhydramine |
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DOC for klebsiella pneumonia
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3rd gen ceph!
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DOC for mycoplasma pneumonia
also what should we remember about diagnosing this bug?? |
erythromycin
produces COLD agglutinins, along with lymphoma and mononucleosis |
