Bbc: Session 6 Prep Questions

Front 1

What is the causative agent of 5th disease? What are two other terms for 5th disease?

Back 1

Parvovirus B19
Erythema Infectiosum, Slapped Cheek Disease

Front 2

Compare chickenpox and smallpoz in terms of the synchrony/asynchrony between lesional evolution?

Back 2

chickenpox - asynchrony
smallpox - synchrony

Front 3

What virus causes measles? German measles?

Back 3

measles - rubeolla
German measles - rubella

Front 4

What type of coxsackie virus is associated with myocarditis? with hand-foot-mouth disease?

Back 4

myocarditis - coxsackie B
hand-foot-mouth - coxsackie A

Front 5

What type of disease or disorder does rotavirus cause? To what family does rotavirus belong?

Back 5

diarrhea
reoviridae = dsDNA

Front 6

What 4 classes of antibiotics work to inhibit translation in bacteria?

Back 6

Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Macrolides, Chloramphenicol/Clindamycin

Front 7

What similiarity do methotrexate, trimethoprim, and pyrimethamine have in common in terms of their MOA?

Back 7

all inhibit DNA replication and can inhibit dihydrofolate reductase

Front 8

What is the general MOA of rifampin and what disease is it classically used to treat?

Back 8

binds DNA dependent transynthase and inhibits transcription
treats TB and mycobacterium

Front 9

At what level does the spinal cord end in most people?

Back 9

L1-2

Front 10

Why is the lower spine particularly most susceptible to herniated IV discs?

Back 10

because PLL begins to narrow in the lumbar spine and at L4-5 it is half as wide
also increased vertical force

Front 11

What muscle is the primary flexor of the hip?

Back 11

iliacus

Front 12

How does a pathologically small Ferguson's angle affect the curvature of the lumbar spine?

Back 12

strains it, flat spine

Front 13

If a patient is suffering from a herniated L3 IVD, what nerve root will be affected?

Back 13

L4

Front 14

What are the major types of spina bifida and what does each represent in terms of contents herniated?

Back 14

spina bifida occulta - no hernation of spinal contents
spina bifida meningocele - herniation of meninges through defect
spina bifida meningomyocele - herniation of meninges and nerve roos through defect
rachischsis - completely open

Front 15

What is the term for anterior displacement of one vertebrae with respect to the one inferior to it?

Back 15

spondylolithesis

Front 16

In what dermatome doe sthe umbilicus lie?

Back 16

T10

Front 17

What is the vector for hantavirus? What body is most affected by a hantavirus infection?

Back 17

deer mouse
respiratory system

Front 18

What is the causative agent of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis?

Back 18

rubeolla

Front 19

Name 4 types of prion disease.

Back 19

Creutzfeld and Jacobsone
Gerstmann-Stauslier-Scheinker Sydnrome
Kuru
Scarupllo?

Front 20

What is the generic term for HIV (or any virus) when it integrates itself into the host cell's genoma?

Back 20

provirus

Front 21

What HIV glycoprotein mediated HIV binding to the CD4 receptor? What HIV glycoprotein mediates HIV fusion into the cell?

Back 21

gp 120 - mediates binding
gp 41 - mediates fusion

Front 22

Is cryptococcus a yeast or mold?

Back 22

yeast

Front 23

If a tissue specifment of an infected area reveals, microscopically, cigar shaped budding yeast, what is the most likely causative agent of that infection?

Back 23

sporothrix scherckie

Front 24

If a slide made from a vaginal swab is examined and germ tubes and pseudohyphae are noticed, what is the most likely causative agent of that infection?

Back 24

candidiasis

Front 25

List the different stages of Plasmodial development from the time it is "injected" into the body by the mosquito to the time it is drawn out by another blood-sucking mosquito?

Back 25

injected as a sporozite, merozite in liver then trophozite then schionzonite then cycles and some become gametocytes and are taken up by mosquito

Front 26

What species of Plasmodium is the most severe and life-threatening?

Back 26

Plasmodium falciparum

Front 27

What is the causative agent of Kala-Azar? What is another name for this disease (colloquially)?

Back 27

Leishmanosis - black sickness

Front 28

What is the vector and causative agent of Chagas disease?

Back 28

Trypanosoma cruzi
kissing bug - vector

Front 29

What is the DOC for infections with entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, and Trichomonas?

Back 29

metronidazole

Front 30

Compare Schistosoma mansoni, Sch. japonicum, and sch. hematobium in terms of location of the veins in which they eventually settle.

Back 30

mansoni - colon
japonicum - small intestine
hematobium - bladder

Front 31

What is the generic term for cestodes?

Back 31

tapeworm

Front 32

What type of nematode classically causes perianal pruritis, especially at night?

Back 32

enterobius vermicularis aka pinworm

Front 33

If the Km of an enzyme is high, what is the affinity for that substrate?

Back 33

low

Front 34

By what two amino acids does trypsin cleave? Does it cleave at the carboxy- or amino- side of those amino acids?

Back 34

carboxyl side of arginine (except when followed by proline) or lysine

Front 35

What amino acid is the source for GABA?

Back 35

glutamate

Front 36

What is the basic molecular "type" (type of macromolecule) that comprises all exotoxins?

Back 36

proteins (macromolecules = proteins, lipids, carbs, nucleic acids)

Front 37

What PAS character do the mucosal macrophages of Whipple's disease patients have?

Back 37

+ it stains glycogen and mucopolysaccharides

Front 38

Why is Takayasu disease called the "pulseless disease"?

Back 38

it has weak UE pulses because of the granulomas that are in the carotid

Front 39

Of E. coli, Salmonella, and Shigella, which ones are motile?

Back 39

E. coli and salmonella

Front 40

What antibody crosses the placenta?

Back 40

IgG

Front 41

What is the MOA for killing of Plasmodium by chloroquine? by primaquine?

Back 41

by making heme into toxins, lyses and alkalinizes their food vacuoles, inhibiting their DNA synthesis
killing the gametocyte

Front 42

What type of Staph species is most associated with UTIs?

Back 42

Staph saprophyticus

Front 43

What stain is used to microscopically visualize Cryptococcus?

Back 43

India Ink

Front 44

What enzyme does methotrexate inhibit? What effect does this have molecularly, in terms of what major product can no longer be produced?

Back 44

inhibits dihydrofolate reductase - nucleic acids no longer prod DNA

Front 45

What is the DOC for leishmaniasis?

Back 45

sodium stibogluconate

Front 46

What are the common contaminating agents/sources that frequently serve to contaminate bodies of water with Leptospira interrogans?

Back 46

animal urine

Front 47

With what HLA-type is psoriatic arthritis associated? What other major disease that we have discussed are also associated with this HLA type?

Back 47

HLA-B27
ankylsoing spondylitis
Reye's arthritis

Front 48

What is the number one cause for amenorrhea?

Back 48

pregnancy

Front 49

Is Prader-Willi due to maternal or paternal deletion of 15q-11-13 chromosome?

Back 49

paternal deletion