Bbc: Session 5 Prep Questions

Front 1

For what "type" of fungal infections, in general, is amphotericin used?

Back 1

mold (aspergillous), crypto meningitis

Front 2

What is the DOC for amebiasis?

Back 2

Metronidazole

Front 3

What is the DOC for CMV?
for pnumocystis carinii?
for Cryptococcus neoformans?

Back 3

CMV - gangclovir
pneumo - TMP/SMX
Crypt - fluconazole

Front 4

What type of bacterium has no cell wall?

Back 4

mycoPLASMA

Front 5

What effect does botulinum toxin have on nuerons?
What effect does this have on the body?

Back 5

-blocks the neurotransmitter release of Ach at neuromuscular junctions
-causes a flaccid paralysis

Front 6

How would one classify Mycobacterium tuberculosis in terms of its oxygen requirements?

Back 6

obligate aerobe

Front 7

What are the 2 most common causes of otitis media?

Back 7

H. influenza
Strep pneumo

Front 8

What isthe most common cause for penumonia in adults?

Back 8

mycoplasma

Front 9

What is the most common cause of meningitis in neonates?

Back 9

1. Group B Strep (GBS) (strep agalactacia)
2. E. coli
3. Listeria monocytes

Front 10

What is the most common cause of bacterial endocarditis?

Back 10

Strep viridans (grow in mouth)

Front 11

What is the only species that is a Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus?

Back 11

Strep pyogenes

Front 12

Describe the viridans streptococci in terms of hemolytic nature, bile solubility, and Optochin sensitivity

Back 12

alpha hemolytic
insoluble in bile
optochin resistant

Front 13

Infection with what organism is associated with Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome?

Back 13

Neiserria Meningitis

Front 14

What is teh gram staining character of E. coli?

Back 14

gram - (pink)

Front 15

What two bacteria species are arranged in a growth pattern such that they appear as "Chinese characters" under microscopic examination?

Back 15

Listeria monocytes
Cornybacterium diptheria

Front 16

What are the two major toxins produced by Clostridium perfringens, and what diseases are caused as a result of these toxins?

Back 16

alpha toxin - gas gangrene
enterotoxin - food poisoning

Front 17

Compare E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella in terms of their gram staining, motility, and lactose fermentation.

Back 17

all are gram -
E. coli - motile, lactose fermenter
Salmonella, motile, lactose non-fermenter
Shigella, non-motile, lactose non-fermenter

Front 18

What is the most common cause of UTIs?

Back 18

E. coli

Front 19

What kind of organism cuases a pneumonia whereby the patient expectorates "current jelly sputum"?

Back 19

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Front 20

What comma-shaped organism may cause rice water stool?

Back 20

Vibro Cholera

Front 21

Pasteurella is a common pathogen found in wounds incurred by what? What are two types of infections common to Pasturella infection?

Back 21

-dog or cat bites
-osteomylitis or cellulitis

Front 22

What organism generally creates a greenish blue exudate or pus, often smells musty, and is particularly troublesome for burn patients?

Back 22

pseudomonas arginosum

Front 23

Is most "illness" and morbidity of tuberculosis due to the primary infection or due to reactivation of a previous infection?

Back 23

reactivation of a previous infection

Front 24

What two bacterial genera were commonly confused with fungi due to their filamentous, branching growth? How do these two genera differ in terms of natural habitats and oxygen requirements?

Back 24

actinomyces - mouth, anaerobe
nocardia - soil, aerobe

Front 25

What is the causative agent of Lyme disease and what is the name of the primary lesion that develops shortly after infection with it?

Back 25

Borrelia Burgdorferi
erythema chronicum migrans (ECM - not everyone gets it)

Front 26

In what form are chlamydia when they are infective?

Back 26

elemental form

Front 27

What is the most common causative agent of non-gonococcal urethritis?

Back 27

chlamydia trichomonas

Front 28

What are the three types of typhus, their causative agents, and their vectors?

Back 28

epidemic - Rickettsia provazekii - louse
endemic - R. typhi - fleas
scrub - R. sussucamchi - mites

Front 29

What demylinating disease often follows a viral infection and affects the peripheral nerves, mostly motor, and ascends those peripheral nerves to cause muscle weakness and paralysis?

Back 29

Guillian Barre

Front 30

How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

Back 30

12

Front 31

What 5 structures must be present in order for a rib to be "typical"?

Back 31

head, neck, shaft, angle, tubercle

Front 32

The spine of the scapula is at what level?

Back 32

T3

Front 33

What is the route of transmission and the incubation time for hepatitis C?

Back 33

parenteral and 1-2 months

Front 34

What is the composition of most kidney stones?

Back 34

calcium

Front 35

What two species of bacteria are associated with the development of struvite?

Back 35

proteus mirablis and staph saprophticus

Front 36

What organs are affected by MEN type a? Men type IIA?

Back 36

I - pancreas, pituitary, parathyroid, adrenal cortex
II - thyroid medulla, parathyroid, adrenal medulla

Front 37

Describe the soles of the feet of Friedreich's ataxia patients?

Back 37

pes cavus so very high arched feet

Front 38

Is ALS a disease that affects the UMNs or the LMNs or both?

Back 38

both

Front 39

What two bones, when fractured, are notoriously prone to avascular necrosis?

Back 39

femoral head
scaphoid

Front 40

Is there increased conjugated or unconjugated serum bilirubin in Gilberts? Crigler-Najjar? Dubin-Johnson? Rotor?

Back 40

Gilbert and CN = unconjugated
DJ and Rotor = conjugated

Front 41

What is the difference in terms of formation, components, and dangers of and associated with a completel vs incomplete hydratiform mole

Back 41

complete - paternal, increased risk of malignant trophoblastic disease, 2 sperm and empty egg
incomplete - not completely from dad (mixed), 2 sperm and 1 egg, low risk of malignancy

Front 42

A 20 year old male presents with complaints of several bouts of fairly bloody loose stool over the past year; he has mild abdominal pain, and now has started to notice that he has symptomatic arthritis. He was diagnosed with iritis last week. What disease tops your list of ddx for the bloody stool?

Back 42

UC