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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ion channels
a. are found in both glial cells and neurons b. are critical for the regulation and restoration of membrane potential differences c. are implicated in a number of mental and cardiac disorders such as Myasthenia Gravis, cystic fibrosis, cardiac arrhythmia. d. b and c only e. a, b, and c |
e. a, b, and c
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The opening and closing of an ion channel involves
a. non-passive mechanisms b. a conformational (shape) change c. mRNA d. reverse transcriptase e. an ion pump |
b. a conformational (shape) change
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. Voltage-gated Ca+2 ion channels
a. are inactive immediately following depolarization of membrane b. play no role in the propagation of action potentials c. open in response to hyperpolarization of the cell’s membrane potential d. may never be irreversibly inactivated e. are the same as ligand gated ion channels |
a. are inactive immediately following depolarization of membrane
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The patch clamp technique
a. is used mainly to study the global properties of large groups of neurons b. was developed in 1796 c. is another name for the voltage clamp technique d. uses a micropipette made from silver e. allows one to record current flow from a single ion channel |
e. allows one to record current flow from a single ion channel
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Which of the following is true concerning the speed of propagation of electrical signals along the axon/dendrite of the neuron?
a. Fat axons/dendrites have slower speed of propagation b. Myelinated axons have slower speed of propagation c. The myelinantion but not the fatness of the axons affects the speed of propagation d. The fatness but not the myelination of the axon affects the speed of propagation. e. Both the myelination and the fatness of the axon affect the speed of propagation |
e. Both the myelination and the fatness of the axon affect the speed of propagation
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When the cell membrane is ______, it is more negative than the
resting membrane potential. a) depolarized b) hyperpolarized c) at threshold d) repolarized e) hypopolarized |
e) hypopolarized
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Ligand gated channels are regulated in response to what type of
stimuli? a) pressure b) chemical transmitters c) changes in voltage d) stretch e) sound waves |
b) chemical transmitters
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Which of the following is a physical model for the opening and
closing of ion channels? a) blocking particle b) localized conformational change c) generalized structural change d) all of the above e) none of the above |
d) all of the above
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This type of ion channel is formed from a pair of hemichannels in
the pre- and postsynaptic membrane that join in the space between two cells: a) voltage gated potassium channel b) inward-rectifier potassium channel c) voltage-gated sodium channel d) ligand-gated channel e) gap-junction channel |
e) gap-junction channel
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The dependence of membrane potential on ionic permeability and
concentration is quantified by: a) Goldman equation b) Ohm's law c) Nernst equation d) Gibbs' free energy equation e) ion flux equation |
a) Goldman equation
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Ion channels open and close in response to:
a) electrical signals b) mechanical signals c) chemical signals d) a, b & c e) none of the above |
d) a, b & c
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Non-gated ion channels that are normally open in the cell at
rest are called: a) secondary active transport b) voltage-gated channels c) resting channels d) gap junction channels e) none of the above |
c) resting channels
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When _________ approaches threshold, the cell responds
actively with the opening of voltage-gated channels. a) cell energy b) tolerance c) action potential d) depolarization e) all of the above |
d) depolarization
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In the Equivalent Circuit Model, the __________ represents
the ability of the membrane to store charge. a) conductor b) battery c) resistor d) a & c e) capacitor |
e) capacitor
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__________ is the process by which synaptic potentials generated in different regions of the neuron are added together at the trigger zone.
a) temporal summation b) electrotonic conduction c) spatial summation d) membrane resistance e) none of the above |
c) spatial summation
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) Ligand-gated ion channel is opens as a results of:
a. local changes in membrane potential b. distant changes in membrane potential c. membrane stretch d. chemical binding e. gravitational pull |
d. chemical binding
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In a neuron, a reduction in charge separation, leading to a less negative membrane potential is called:
a. hyperpolarization b. threshold c. depolarization d. resting membrane potential e. none of the above |
c. depolarization
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A simple mathematical model of the functional properties of neurons derived from electrical circuits is called a(n):
a. equivalent circuit b. short circuit c. fake neuron d. electricity e. neurons have not been modeled by electrical circuits |
a. equivalent circuit
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What properties of neurons aid in FAST signal transport?
a. fat axons/dendrites b. skinny dendrites/axons c. myelinated axons d. both A and C e. none of the above |
d. both A and C
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Active regeneration of the action potential is often required for signals travelling longer distances. Where does this active regeneration happen?
a. the soma b. the myelin sheath c. the nodes of Ranvier d. the synaptic cleft e. the nodes of Abraham Lincoln |
c. the nodes of Ranvier
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